The Bangkok Recorder.

A Weekly journal will be issued from the printing office of the American Missionary Association, at the mouth of the Canal, "Klong Bangkok Yai." It will contain such Political, Literary, Scientific, Commercial, and Local Intelligence, as shall render it worthy of the general patronage.

The Recorder will be open to Correspon- dents subject to the usual restrictions.

The Proprietor will not be responsible for the sentiments of his correspondents.

No communication will be admitted un- less accompanied by the name of the Cor- respondent.

No rejected manuscript will be returned unless as a special favor.

Prepaid advertisements under three months for the first insertion, ten lines or half a square and under, One Dollar, and each additional line, Five Cents.

Subsequent insertions, SEVENTY FIVE Cents for ten lines, and each additional line, FIVE Cents.

Advertisers must be particular to specify the number of insertions.

For advertisements over three months the following are the Terms.

The above is calculated for Brevier body. All advertisements payable separately and in advance.

Communications and remittances can be sent to the subscriber, or left at the store of Messrs. Virgin & Co.

D. B. BRADLEY, PUBLISHER & PROPRIETOR.

Peace.

God, then, governs, as well as reigns. The two worst men in Europe, in the political sense, frame a plot by which, af- ter killing many thousands of human be- ings and reducing millions to political slavery, each is to obtain certain great selfish advantages, the one for his family, the other for his caste. The plot is suc- cessful beyond their most sanguine an- ticipations, and lo! two great nations stand free from almost unendurable bonds, while the plotters see their work accom- plished and themselves not a whit nearer to their end. If circumstantial evidence in politics is ever to be trusted, this war was arranged months ago by two men, the Emperor Napoleon and Count von Bis- mark, of whom one had crushed and another was then crushing the liberties of a nation. The one saw in a combined war against an enemy who had given no pro- vocation an opportunity of enlarging his frontiers, and thereby seating his dynasty, the other hoped to re-assert over Germany the power of an effete and brutal aris- tocratic caste. The Emperor, by feigned indifference, courteous expressions to the Austrian Ambassador, and courtly mes- sages to the Austrian Emperor, first lulled his victim into security, and then encour- aged him to believe that he had only to deal with his avowed enemies in the field. The Minister first deprived his own coun- try of freedom, then under the most ex- travagant pretences induced it to believe itself attacked, and then dragged its youth, often by actual force, to a war which a majority of them considered fratricidal. Cynicism more complete than that dis- played by Count von Bismark in the Prussian Parliament was never displayed on a political arena, nor universality more gross than his speeches about the Austrian plan of plunder, nor heartlessness more utter than the last call to the fathers of families to fill up the Landwehr. The struggle began, and it seemed that justice, as short-sighted human beings reckon justice, had deserted the earth. The ag- gressor was everywhere successful, the cynicism had terminated useless talk, the falsehoods had inspired the troops, the cruelty had filled up the battalions to repletion. As if in scorn of virtue, Pro- vidence had given the oppressor a weapon against which the virtues were powerless, courage an empty boast, fidelity a snare, patriotism a sentimental delusion. The power of slaying without limit, a power as of the evil genius in an Arabian tale, a power as of the man whose finger pressed on the magic globe raised earthquakes, and wars, and Eros, had been given to Count von Bismark, and it was unscrupu- lously made use of. An ancient empire was persons put to death, and a dozen ancient societies overturned, with all the miseries which accompany those violent operations, and then—-

Italy was united and free, North Ger- many united and free, the Emperor of the French was baffled, and Count von Bis- mark stood in presence of a community indefinitely stronger, more determined to secure its liberty than that which he had so vehemently defied. Those, we take it, are the inevitable results of the great cataclysm which the Prussian armies have in ten days' campaigning brought about. The first two propositions will seem to most of our readers scarcely to need ex- planation. The result of the battle of Königgrätz has been to convince the Em- peror of Austria that it was impossible to resist the needle-gun, and he consequently called in the Emperor Napoleon as the natural arbiter in a European contest. To enable him to act it was essential to remove his private interest in the success of one of the two combatants, and Venetia was therefore, with a somewhat supercili- ous contempt for Italy, ceded like Lom- bardy into his hands. But he cannot keep the province; he may ask a reward for resigning it—-a subject on which we may have something to say presently, but he must, if only in obedience to his own theory of nationalities, surrender it to Italy. Instantly therefore, now, this next week, Venetia becomes free. Two and a half millions of people, who for sixty years have been subjected to the most galling slavery, who in that time have never lost one jot of heart or hope, who have dared all and endured all on the mere chance that they might one day be once more men, regain in an hour their freedom, and commence amid their countrymen a free and noble national life. It would be worth all that Manin endured, all that is killing Mazzini, to have stood for an hour in Venice when that message reached the Venetians, when but ten brief days after the sickening defeat of Custozza the men who followed Manin knew that their life's aim was accomplished, that the Tedeschi were about to retreat, that their beautiful land was their own, that their sons were no more liable to be seized to serve the enemy in a distant wilderness, that three fourths of their incomes were no longer to be stolen to swell an oppressor's revenue, that they were free to live and die with their kinsmen as Italians, that they need no longer—-THEY to whom music is as speech—-shut their ears to delicious strains, lest the foe should believe that their hate could for one second be less deep. Never perhaps in the history of mankind was the sum of human misery so diminished in one day by human act as in this cession of Venetia. It is not only in Venice that the relief will be felt, though there the change is as that which falls upon the vic- tim when his torture has given place to sudden ease, but in all Italy. The danger of dismemberment has ceased, and the necessity for unbearable expenditure. She is free and complete, for the first time in a thousand years able to live, and move, and be according to the powers, and the instincts, and the wishes inherent in her own life. If the war had done only this, this one transaction which occupies five lines of a telegraphic bulletin, the lives it has cost, say as many as Ipswich or Rich- mond and Kew contain, would have been worthily sacrificed.

But this is but the beginning. It is the fate of Count von Bismark, part of that irony of Providence which from the day he accepted power has so visibly attended him, that he cannot take a step towards absolutism without crushing absolutisms worse, because pettier, than his own. He had not had his will four days in Germany, before every despot in North Germany save one had ceased to wield his despotic power, and twenty-eight millions of men, who for fifty years had sighed, and plotted, and fought for unity, and gone sick with hope deferred, were united under circum- stances which forbid any forcible dismem- berment. As we have explained elsewhere, there exists no power save the King of Prussia which can now divide North Ger- many, and his interest is not in its division. The nation is made, whether Napoleon approve or the Czar be recalcitrant, wheth- er the petty Kings become privileged nobles, or die out like our own Stuarts, whom most of them so closely resemble, in unrespected exile. The "King" of Hanover will point cannon on his citizens no more, or the "King" of Saxony im- prison them, or the Elector of Cassel take their wives, or the Grand Duke of Mecklen- burg order them the stick, or Nassau demoralise them with his gaming tables, or Oldenburg threaten them with Prussia, or Waldeck seize them for an army with- out a name, or a use, or a career. The single despot has swept them away, and German necks are released from the halter that they may have free breath—-doubtless to exalt Hohenzollerns, but still that halt- er cannot be applied again. A nation of twenty-eight millions of thoughtful and energetic men, so learned that their know- ledge is a proverb, yet so martial that they at this moment give the law to Europe, so democratic that English bourgeoisie pronounce them vulgar, yet so reveren- tial that English writers incline to call them slavish, commence, because Count von Bismark cannot bear freedom, a free national life. We say free, for in his sense it will be free. These new subjects are as Liberal as Prussians, and they were not bred up from teething time to reverence Hohenzollerns, nor is it among them that squireens are esteemed a separate and a holy caste. If it was difficult to keep down the love for constitutionalism among Prussians, when their King was wild to secure his army, and the Sovereign had a Russian wife, what will it be when all that is liberal in Hanover and Saxony, and the Hesse, and the Elbe Duchies, and Nassau, and the Free Cities, and Thuringia, is ad- ded to the opposition, while all that is conservative is disaffected, when liberals are as anxious as the King that the army should be kept up, and when the “influen- ces” round that King are English instead of Russian? The Germans have won their unity in spite of thirty Kings, they will win their freedom in spite of one King’s Minister, though he has eaten the thirty Kings up. The plotter will be defeated by the magnitude of his plot and its complete success.

So we believe will his ally. Napoleon looked to a partial victory, to be followed by complete exhaustion; but the victory has been complete and there has been no exhaustion at all. The forces of Prussia are unbroken, the loss being merely one of men, whom the single levy in the Elbe Duchies will replace, and she is under no necessity to yield an acre or a man except at her own discretion. Consequently, if we understand the motives that govern Kings, she will not yield one acre more or man more than it is convenient to surren- der. What is convenient? Saarbuck?

Well, we are tired of hearing that “strat- egical point” elevated to such preposterous importance. Austria had all the strat- egical points, and within ten days had also the option of submission or dissolution. The Palatinate? Well, the world will not be greatly hurt or France greatly benefited by the addition of a few Bavarians to an empire of five-and thirty millions. Luxem- burg? Luxemburg will not seat the Bon- aparte dynasty, nor will ought that the Emperor can squeeze from Italy great as the loss to Italy may be. Though Venice is worth Sardinia, it was the Rhine to which the Emperor looked, the possession of the Rhine which would, as De Toc- querville said, have disarmed every French enemy, and enabled him free of dynastic opposition to “crown the edifice in safety.” And the Rhine he will not have, for it is not within even Count von Bismark’s power to give it; and as to taking it, one has breech-loaders to prepare before that. There is Belgium, to be sure, but there is also England, and Prussia cannot heartily wish that Belgium should be French, and Austria cannot love the friend who en- franchised Italy, and in short the Emperor, like Count von Bismark, has achieved results which benefit all mankind, save only those for whose benefit he intended to strive. It is very ridiculous no doubt to believe that God reigns; but with Italy free, and Germany united, and the Junkers weakened, and Napoleon wild with baffled longing for prey, and all the work of ten days and two conspirators, who meant any other results than these, it is as at least hard to believe that we are the sport of the senseless Fate which it pleases English materialists to call the “current of events.”

Telegrams.

LONDON, 30TH JULY.-—Ratification of Preliminaries of Peace between Austria and Prussia exchanged. Austria agrees to recognise Prussian arrangements as to the future of Germany. Italy consents to five weeks' armistice, subject to uncon- ditional union of Venetia by plebiscitum. Prussian Chambers convened. East Friesland soliciting annexation to Prus- sia.

NEW YORK, 1ST AUGUST.—-Tennessee has been admitted into the Union. Con- gress has been adjourned. The Secretary of the Interior has resigned. Factory Cotton steady.

LONDON, 3D AUGUST, (MORNING) Four weeks' armistice between Italy and Aus- tria, Basis—Unconditional union of Venetia.

5TH AUGUST.—-The liquidators of the Agra Bank have announced payment of a first dividend 5. on the 17th Septem- ber. Cholera is decreasing. Liverpool cotton and Manchester markets held firmly.

MELBOURNE, 27TH JULY.—-Telegrams from Sydney state that the Bank of Queensland stopped. A run on the Bank of Otago but was successfully met.

European Summary.

An armistice has been settled between Austria, Prussia, and Italy, and the pre- liminaries of peace have been agreed upon. Austria consenting to be excluded from "the new German Confederation, the north of Germany to be united un- der Prussia, a union of South Germany to be formed, and Venetia to be given up.

Previously to the settlement of the armistice, the Prussian and Austrian armies had collected in full force close to Vienna ; Hoehat, Wiesbaden, and Frankfort had been occupied by the Prussians ; and an Austrian squadron had attacked and discomfited the Italian fleet in the Adriatic.

Cholera has appeared in several places in England, and is spreading in London. The people of Frankfort have solicited the intervention of France and England against the exorbitant exactions of the Prussian authorities.

The War-office has issued a notice calling for tenders for the conversion of Enfield rifles into breech-loaders. The army is to be supplied with 150,000.

Russia is reported to be making mili- tary preparations. All soldiers on fur- lough have been called in.

The Princess Louis of Hesse has given birth to a daughter.

Mr. J. S. Mill has become chairman of the Jamaica committee, in place of Mr. C. Buxton.

Hungary is said to be raising recruits to aid Austria.

The War.

For the moment the interest of the war has departed from the field of battle, and entered the field of diplomacy. On the morning of the 21st July the Paris `Moniteur' announced that "Austria had accepted the proposal of Prussia to abstain from any act of hostility during the five days in which the court of Vien- na will have to notify its acceptance on the subject of the preliminaries of peace."

The preliminaries proposed by Prussia and approved by France are stated to be as follows:—-

Austria to recognise the dissolution of the former German Bund and the orga- nisation of a new Confederation from which she would be excluded.

The north of Germany to form a uni- on under the military and diplomatic direction of Prussia.

The optional formation of a union of South Germany as an independent inter- national body.

National bonds between these two Unions.

The annexation of the Elbe Duchies to Prussia, with the exception of the Danish portion of Schleswig.

Part payment by Austria of the Prus- sian war expenses.

The maintenance of the integrity of Austria, with the exception of Venetia.

These conditions have been submitted by France to Austria, who has already agreed to the first point, excluding her from the Germanic Confederation to be re-organised by Prussia. Apart from the demands submitted to Austria, Prussia intends to annex territory containing a- bout 3,000,000 of inhabitants. The Vienna correspondent of the `Times' states that the Duchy of Silesia is the territory which Prussia demands from Austria as a part of the indemnification which she is to receive for the heavy los- ses she has incurred in men and money during the war.

According to the `Moniteur' of July 24, the Italian government has consented to the armistice. That journal states:—- Austria has accepted the preliminaries of peace already agreed to by Prussia. The plenipotentiaries of those two Pow- ers are at the Prussian headquarters for the purpose of negotiating an armistice. The Italian government has just agreed to the suspension of hostilities.

The `Patrie' of the evening of the 24th says:—-

It is stated that the terms of the ar- mistice as regards Italy stipulate for the occupation of Verona by the Italian troops. It is not yet decided where the conference for the treaty of peace will take place, but a small neutral town in Germany will probably be selected. It is believed that M. Benedetti will re- present France.

The `Italie' of Florence, of July 23, observes:—-

We can state on good authority that Prussia has not called upon Italy to sign an armistice. The Prussian Minister in this country is only charged to negotiate with Italy the bases of the proposed sus- pension of hostilities. No armistice can be concluded unless agreed to by both the allied Powers.

Latest.

The armistice of last Sunday July 22, did not come apparently one day too soon to save Austria from a final catas- trophe. On that same day two Prussian divisions, according to the telegrams given in a previous column, defeated an Austrian force of 35,000 men before Presburg. The conquerors had advanced to a distance of less than two miles from the city, which could hardly have failed to fall into their hands, when the an- nouncement of the conclusion of a truce compelled them to fall back on the line assigned to them by the terms of the agreement for a suspension of hostilities at Stampfen. In the south the Medici division of the Italian army, which, com- ing up from Bassano and Belluno, had gained the entrance of the Valsugana at Primolano, forced its way through the defiles of that valley as far as Borgo and Levico, storming the Austrian positions by splendid fighting, and invading the Austrian Tyrol to within about 12 miles of Trent, with heavy losses to the Aus- trians in killed, wounded, and prisoners. Yet one day more of such a contest, and the Italians would have found themselves e in full possession of the Southern Tyrol, and the Prussians, masters of the passes of the Danube at Presburg and Krems, would have threatened Vienna on the east and west, and on both sides of the great river. The combatants are, how- ever, now resting in their respective po- sitions, and there are well-grounded hopes that the truce may be prolonged into an armistice, and this again ripen into a definitive peace.

From this suspension of hostilities, however, Bavaria, Wurtemberg, and the other south-western German States are excluded. The efforts of the Prime Minister of the Court of Munich, M. von der Pforiten, to arrest by negotia- tion the tide of Prussian invasion, have been unavailing; nor can the Swabian and Franconian districts to any extent rely for protection on the 120,000 or 130,000 Federal troops which were said to be armed for the defence of the line of the Main. With their main Austrian foe for the moment off their hands, the Prus- sians will be sure to sweep forward to the south till the Bavarian cities of Bam- berg and Wurtzburg, Nuremberg and Augsburg, and even the capitals of Stutt- gart and Munich open their gates to them. Political success everywhere fol- lows upon military conquest. Already Nassau, only yesterday occupied by a Prussian army, is to-day clamouring for Prussian annexation, and symptoms of strong Prussian sympathies are every- where exhibited to those very people of Wurtemberg and Baden the governments of which are still in arms against the Prussian invader.

John Bright on Educaotion.

John Bright lately delivered an address before a Sunday-school conference in Rochdale, in which he urged the im- portance of universal education, citing the example of New England in support of his views:

"Mr. Ellice, the very eminent member of the House of commons for Coventry, traveled in America, as he had done two or three times before, very near the close of his life, some six or seven years ago. He visited Canada and the United States; and, in a conversation which I had with him after his return, he said that in those New England States there was the most perfect government in the world, there was the most equal condition, and most universal comfort amongst the people; and he said that the whole population, he believed, were more instructed, more moral, and more truly happy than any other equal population had been in any country or in any age of the world. [Cheers.] The whole of this is to be traced, not to the soil, not to the climate; but it is to be traced, I believe, to the extraordinary care which the population, from the days of the Pilgrim Fathers until now, have taken with every child, boy and girl, that they should be thor- oughly instructed, at least in the common branches of learning. [Hear, hear.] The census shows that speaking generally, there is scarcely to be found one person, one native American certainly, and you could not find one out of many hundreds in the New England States, who cannot read and write. [Hear, hear.] Now the influence of those states is enormous. Though only small states, containing not more than one-tenth of the whole pop- ulation of the American Union, yet the influence of their opinions is felt to the remotest corners of that vast territory. [Hear, hear.] In New England they consider their plan as the only plan. They have tried it for two hundred years. Its success is beyond all contest—it is absolutely complete. [Hear, hear.] There is nothing like it that has been equally successful in the world. And what our Puritan ancestors have done (I know they were our ancestors, as well as theirs) in the States, if the people of England had the sense to comprehend their true interests, they might compel to be done in the country in which we live. [Loud cheers.]" N. Y. Independent.

THE JAMAICA REBELLION.—-By the last arrival From Europe we learn that Messrs. Qurney and Maule, the Royal Commis- sioners to Jamaica, had arrived in England, but nothing official had trans- pired as to the nature of the report they would submit of their investigations.

The TIMES, however, anticipates the general verdict of the commissioners, viz., First, that the proclamation of martial law was, during the first few days, warranted by paramount necessity; next, that the out- rages were preceded by symptoms of a rebellion and sanguinary spirit.

That the execution of Gordon will be condemned as a reckless disregard of human rights, and a decisive condemnation will be profloun- ced on the inhumanity displayed by sever- al military officers. Governor Eyre will be censured for having yielded to the panic of his advisers, after the necessity for severe measures had passed.

The TIMES says that according to the careful estimate of the commissioners, 439 rebels were shot during martial law : about 600 persons were flogged, and 1,000 houses of the peasantry were burnt down.

Bangkok Recorder.

The Siamese Government.

We would call the especial atten- tion of our readers to the translation of the government document publish- ed in the present issue, because it illustrates in a strange way and with peculiar clearness the Siamese charac- ter, but more especially the Siamese government. It grieves us to think that a man so high in power, as the wri- ter of that paper manifestly is, should be provoked to write so disparaging- ly as therein indicated, of the services we have endeavored most diligently honestly, and faithfully to render the government and the people of the kingdom. The writer seems to make no allowance for unavoidable mistakes in verbal or written reports which are furnished for our Siamese paper; and because a few of the cases of evil doing which we have published from time to time, seem not to be well substantiated, he assails us with the sweeping condemnation of being chief- ly engaged in publishing falsehoods and of being "crazy in murmuring out our continual complainings" The truth is the writer himself is strangely inconsistent with himself, for in a multitude of instances he has sent us his special thanks for the good we had done in publishing evil doers At one time he went so far as to send us ocular demonstration by stolen goods that had been taken from robbers whom we had published, that our re- port was true—that the govern- ment was awake to its duty, and was glad of the assistance we were render- ing it by our semi-monthly. And we have the best of testimony from all quarters that our reports are very ge- nerally but too true, and that the country as well as the capital is be- ing greatly benefitted by the many eyes we have out inspecting the pub- lic morals. We feel free to con- fess that the native writers for our paper sometimes make mistakes, and perhaps sometimes designedly for the purpose of wreaking vengeance upon their enemies And we are feeling more and more the necessity of hav- ing our reports of evil well substantia- ted before we allow them to appear in our paper. We have to-day been startled with the thought, that per- haps a native article in one of our late issues in justification of a certain Cotton monopolist has falsely as- sumed the name of the farmer for the purpose of bringing upon him the vengeance of the government. The paper was handed in in our absence. But seeing the name of a man of our acquaintance in bold relief at the be- ginning of the article, we concluded that our friend intended to make a true statement, and one with which he would dare to face the government and all his accusers. But to our sur- prise he came to-day apparently in a great hurry to enquire by what author- ity we had published him as the au- thors of that article. We could only reply that we simply published the paper as the writer wrote it and showed him the original He denied in the strongest terms all knowledge of it until he had, an hour before, seen the article in a paper sent to the Prime Minister. We have a man in our employ who says that the man who brought the paper for publish- ing is a servant of his. It is a very difficult case to decide We of course give him the privilege of disclaiming it. But it will lead us to the greatest carefulness in the future that no one shall play such a trick upon us No native communication shall hence- forth be published in our Siamese pa- per without better authentication than the mere written name of its ostensible author, because our Siam- ese correspondents very generally em- ploy others to write their names.

We are well aware that it must be very trying to the temper and patience of the Siamese government to have so many revelations made of its weak- ness and inefficiency as our Siamese paper is continually bringing out, just as a wise paternal governor of a fami- ly is prone to become angry when any fault is found with the conduct of his children. But as a wise father in such cases would resolutely resist a fretful and angry spirit, and determine to make some good improvement of the trial, so it seems to us that a wise gov- ernment will firmly suppress all temp- tations to angry feelings towards the reporters of evil doing within its juris- diction.

liction, and determine to make the best possible improvement of the trial for its future welfare. Most surely the Siamese government is in fearful need of a through reformation! And we must frankly express our opinion that unless such a reformation is quick- ly effected, and the government be- come strong in righteousness and equi- ty, it will soon elapse from utter rot- tenness. But we still entertain lively hopes that such will not be its deplo- rable end, and hence we labor accor- ding to the best of our ability by our paper thinking that we shall surely in the end be found benefactors of the government and the people.

It appears to us that the head of the government is sometimes greatly deceived by crafty politicians, causing the sombre views he takes of some of the articles we publish. That one, for instance, referred to in the government document touching the man Chaam at Bangplusoi, may have been greatly misrepresented to him, and that man may be really far more of a desperado than the trial of the case appears to have found him to be. Some powerful party may have step- ped in and intercepted justice by bribery.

We are fully persuaded that His Majesty the King's mind much en- lightened as it is, is sometimes greatly befogged in regard to the exercise of justice in his kingdom by a multitude of crafty officials who delight in chi- canery, are exceedingly shrewd in it, and live by it. He now requires even more than the wisdom of king Solomon to guide him aright in the midst of such courtiers and coun- sellors.

Oh the custom and spirit of bri- bery is the great curse of the land. It is a cancer eating out the very vitals of the body politic. It has rooted it- self in every department and function of the government. It is a terrible malady: but we hope not utterly in- curable.

A government document.

An answer to an article in the Siamese "Bangkok Recorder," con- cerning a fellow named Châäm at Bangplasoi, reported as going about doing violence to Chinese, Siamese cul- tivators of the rice fields and others. The charges preferred against him and published in the paper are many. Seeing this printed report it pleased the King to dispatch one of his royal servants to Bangplasoi to examine in- to the affair, in conjunction with the governor of that province. Search was made in vain for the man Châäm. And failing in this, his mother and a younger sister were seized and kept in custody, as pledges or security for the delivery of Chââm for trial. There was another party, who, being influen- ced by a reward, caught the fellow and handed him over to the court. But there was no person found willing to stand as witness against him except one woman, who testified that he had been guilty of rape in a single instance, and that was all. Besides that testimony there was no other witness against him.

Now shall such a case as this be condemned to imprisonment, or be killed at once, according to the crimes which the "Bangkok Recorder" has published against him? Let it be published in the "Recorder" giving it extensive circulation, calling upon all persons who have been in any way injured by the violence of the fellow Châäm, to produce their personal evidence against him, so that the case may be still further investigated. If there be none to witness against him, openly and boldly substantiating their charges, but write only false charges, hurling them secretly behind his back in this way, the publishers of the paper will go on murmuring in their craziness continually.

There is another matter published in the newspaper, which is a counsel to government to have a law made by which women and men shall be oblig- ed to sweep and wash the houses which they occupy, keeping them clean and pure from all filthiness. Now this we will allow is good advice. But in regard to what follows viz:— that if the occupants of houses will not follow such a law, let them be fined a certain sum of money for disobedience of the law, and let the money obtained by such fines be put into the royal treasury—-how shall such a law be carried out.? Shall the King himself go all about the city searching for treason! Or all the men who compose the Senabardee (royal counsellors) do it? If only special overseers be appointed to do it, it would certainly began a great amount of quarrelling between them and the citizens. One would say that an overseer had cast filth and corruption about my dwelling for the purpose of getting some charges against me and then came and seized me, and con- sequently I resisted him. Now when disputes like this arise, who shall try them? And should a report be made of such quarrels to the editor of the news- papers, he would publish it as report- ed. Would not that create great confusion? Whatever shall be done in this matter let the subject be first considered well throughout all its bear- ings. It is not at all suitable that such a matter be treated in an easy careless manner.

The king of Cheangmai and
Prot. Missionaries.

As in the providence of Him who is "over all God, blessed forever" the city and Province of Cheangmai are looming up before the public with more than usual rapidity and interest, we propose now to give an account of an audience which a number of Am. Protestant missionaries of Bang- kok had with the chief ruler of that State a few days since. We begin with the purpose of going thorough- ly into the description even at the hazard of being pronounced prolix, because we have in mind many read- ers abroad whom we know to be pleased with minute descriptions of things in Siam, as they get a much clearer idea of them by such mi- nutes than they otherwise could do, and their great desire is accurate in- formation about this, to them as yet, a strange land.

The audience was sought for the purpose of obtaining permission from the Prince for, Rev. Messrs. McGil- vary and Wilson with their families to reside at Cheangmai and prosecute their missionary work there with the same freedom that they have done here and at Petchaburee.

These brethren have had their hearts much engaged in Cheangmai as a field for missionary labor for several years, but more particularly so ever since they visited it in January 1864. And hearing, of the arrival of the king of Cheangmai on his triennial visit to His Majesty the king of Siam, they arranged to have Mr. Wilson left in charge, and Mr. McGilvary hasten over from Petchaburee to Bangkok to have an interview with the Prince on the subject of removing their fami- lies to his capital and making a per- manent abode there. Mr. McG. ar- rived here on the 28th ult. His first interview with the king of Cheangmai was on the 29th, and had his hopes much encouraged by it. The Prince expressed a good deal of pleasure in the idea of having the brethren be- come residents in his capital, assured him that there would be no difficulty in obtaining comfortable dwellings for the two families at once, until they should have time to erect buildings of their own, that good teak wood houses could be built much more cheaply there than here, and that the timber would cost them only the trouble of hauling the logs from the forest down to the place of their abode and sawing them. But, said he, will His Majesty the king of Siam give you permission to settle there? The answer was in substance, that in keep- ing with His Siamese Majesty's well known enlarged and liberal views, he probably would. The reply was mani- festly quite gratifying to the Prince, and when Mr. McG. pointed out to him the course he would take for ob- taining a written permission from the Siamese government, it met with his full approbation.

About the beginning of the present month J. M. Hood Esq. U. S. Consul at the request of the Presbyterian mission in this city, addressed a letter to His Majesty the king through His E. Chow P'hya P'raklang, Minister for Foreign affairs, requesting permission for Rev. Messrs. McGilvary and Wil- son together with their families to re- move to Cheangmai with the view to abide there and prosecute their mis- sionary work. It was not until about the 7th inst. that an answer was re- turned through the P'raklang, the substance of which was, that His Ma- jesty the king had no objection to granting the request, but that it would be suitable and proper to submit the question to the Prince of Cheangmai, and abide by his decision, as he is the ruler of that country, looking only to the King of Siam as his Sazarain. Consequently H. E. the P'raklang appointed Saturday the 11th inst., at 10 o'clock A. M. for the missionaries to meet at the residence of H. E. Chow Phya P'oo't'hrap'ie, Prime Minister for Northern Siam, and have there a formal audience with the king of Cheangmai, and confer together on the subject.

Accordingly on the day appointed, four of the missionaries of the Presbr. Mission, accompanied by J. M. Hood Esq. U. S. Consul, and a grand-father missionary of another board, went to the residence of the Prime Minister as appointed. Having the Am. Con- sul with them they were sure not to be too late. They were conducted in- to a plain yet neat audience hall, and seated in European chairs around a Japanese centre table. A grass carpet without seam, of Siamese manufacture very neatly covered the floor. Sundry pictures, some European but mostly Japanese and Chinese adorned the walls. At the right hand end of the hall was an immense arm chair, highly gilded, elevated on legs four feet long to serve the purposes of a Budd- hist pulpit in which a Priest of this persuasion occasionally sits on a series of days for a kind of protredted preaching services. Hence the hall is as much a private chapel for H. Ex- cellency's spiritual concerns as a court room for his government affairs.

Having been seated a few minutes, H. Excellency made his appearance, coming in as it were from behind the pulpit, with a common country cigar in his mouth and, as Europeans would say, entirely in his dishabils, having nothing about his person but a plain calico panoong covering his hips and thighs. This could not be regar-led as being an insult, because it is one of the many strange customs of Old Siam and officials of Christian nations as well as missionaries have learned to bear it patiently. This Minis-ter seems to stand in a state somewhere midway between young Siam and old Siam, belonging decidedly neither to the one nor the other, and hence can ap- pear at such a meeting in his old bar- barous semi-nudity without a blush of shame. Such could not the Prime minister of Southen Siam do, for he is too European in his habits and tastes, and too decidedly a leader of Young Siam to practise such barba- rity.

Having shaken hands smilingly with each of the party H. E. in a re- markably sonorous voice enquired which of them wished to remove to Cheangmai, and for what purpose. The answer being given he said it would be necessary to learn the mind of the king of Cheangmai, as His Majesty the king of Siam had left the question for him to decide. Is he not expected to meet us here! in- quired one. He has not yet been notified of the meeting, but a messen- ger shall be sent immediately to him requesting an audience, was the reply.

The party was much surprised at such a revelation, as the letter from H. E. the P'raklang stated expressly that the Prince would be in readiness to meet them precisely at that hour, and that if such an arrangement were not made it might be difficult to obtain an audience with him as the Prince was much of the time absent. The Minister immediately called to him a stately servant in full dress and gave him a verbal message to the Prince requesting at the same time that one of the gentlemen wishing to go to Cheangmai would accompany him. The Consul's boat, dignified with the Am. stars and stripes bore the mes- senger. The writer was requested to accompany the messenger, think- ing, perhaps, that his age and old ac- quaintanceship with the Prince would impart more power of accomplishment to the object. In less than ten min- utes we were at the floating house in which the Prince had taken up his temporary lodgings with all his train of state barges about it. But he was not there, having gone an hour or more before, to make a call on H. Excellency Chow P'hya Kalahome less than a mile distant. The mes- senger feeling sure that it was his duty to follow on until he found him, went in the boat under American colours for him. The Prince, receiving the message, came immediately away from the Prime Minister's into his own boat, and proceeded on his way back to his floating house. But see-

an extraordinary theatrical per- formance in front of temple Kanlaya he thought he would just step up for a moment and take some notes of the play. He was so much interested in it that he quite forgot the object for which he was returning. Having waited some twenty minutes or more at the floating house, and seeing no prospect of his coming, we requested Mr. Cox the Prince's English secreta- ry to go back and remind him that we were anxiously waiting for him. He did so, which broke the charm that had bound the Prince, and brought him in a few minutes to his abode in front of temple Aroon. He invited us up to the chief sala of the temple instead of the floating house or his royal barge; as in the former his queen was lying yet in a very week state, slowly recovering from extreme prostration by dysentery, and as in the latter there was too little room to seat us all comfortably.

He had clean grass mats spread for us to sit upon, and a large rush arm- chair for the Consul to occupy. But the latter having waited full an hour beyond the time appointed by govern- ment, and judging it best to be in keeping with all his previous determi- nations to show himself a punctual man, and more especially to show the Siamese government that he means ever to insist upon punctuality in all his dealings with it, had left a few minutes before, and was beyond call. The Prince seemed quite disappointed by it. But he was determined to make the best of it, and accordingly took the chair himself. He first in- quired for what purpose we had come before him. The messenger of the H. E. Chow Phya' P'oot'arap'ie then, bowing before him briefly stated the object of the meeting. An officer of H. E. the P'rakklung was present to hear all that should be said, so that a full report of the meeting might, though the minister of foreign affairs, be made to His Majesty the king.

On learning the object of the meet- ing, and that His Majesty the king of Siam had left the decision of the question to himself, he said distinctly that he had no objection to the two mission families going to reside at Cheangmai and there prosecute their missionary work—that he would ever be glad to have them do so—and that H. E. the Prime Minister of Northern Siam was at liberty, so far as he was concerned, to give the mis- sionaries such a passport to Cheang- mai as they requested and whenever they might desire it. He added that as all that country belongs to the king of Siam it was not his prerogative to sell any part or parcel of the land to Europeans or Americans; but that he would be happy to give the mission- aries the use of ground or the rental of what they might need in building them, dwellings and other houses.

This was quite satisfactory to all con- cerned; and all the talking about the question was done even in less time than we have taken to write out the few sentences we have concerning what was said and done at the au- dience. A written passport was not pre- pared at the time because it was yet 3 or 4 months before the time it would be needed.

The Prince desired to know how he might become personally acquainted with the Am. Consul. We promised to use our influence to secure it be- fore he should depart homeward. In a little pleasant festing he replied, let the day and the hour be appointed, and I will be punctual to it: but if the Consul comes out of that time, tell him that I shall have gone somewhere else.

LOCAL.

Mrs Campbell wife of Doctor James Campbell R. N. and Mrs Lessler wife of P. Lessler Esqr. Prussian consul, together with Miss Elliot her sister left this P. M. for the Sanitarium at Anghin.

The family of Captain John Bush Harbor Master and Master Attendant returned a few days since, bringing ocular demonstrations as well as ver- bal that the Sanitarium is indeed what its name indicates, and is a delightful place for enjoying a change from a city life in this Metropolis.

The building will now accom- odate well only a small number. As the Sanitarium is likely to become a place of much resort for Europeans, not only invalids but parties seeking recreation and invigoration, there is need of a other dwelling equally spacious with the one now found very pleasant only for two families; and we would suggest that inasmuch as the Siamese govern- ment has made such a praise worthy advance in this matter that the Euro- peans and American residents of Bang- kok make donations for the purpose of having the accomodations there double enlarged and with as little de- lay as possible.

The Steamer “Chow Phya” arrived here on Saturday the 8th inst. at 6¼ P. M. having made the passage in 3 days and 18 hours. She left Singapore on the evening of the 4th inst. and arriv- ed at the Bar at noon on the 8th inst. crossed the bar at 2. 30 P. M. arrived at Bangkok at 6. 30 P. M. sent the mails ashore and anchored for the night off the Borneo Company’s pre- mises.

Passengers per “Chow Phya!” T. Probes Esq. Rev. R. Perrault F. Miss. Tan Kim Chin Esq. Siamese Consul at Singapore and suit. The King of Quedah and suit, and 30 deck passengers.

We are informed that there at the present time no less than 37 Shan or Laos Princes, residing in the various Laos States under the jurisdiction of the king of Burmah, who are properly denominated Chow Pas. Those Shan States nearest the territory of the King of Cheangmai are Cheangtoong, Mongmai, Meipoo, and Meipan. We are happy to learn that Rev. M. H. Bixby, one of the Baptist mission- aries for Burmah has already establish- ed several very encouraging missions in one or more of those Provinces, and has recently obtained permission from the Siamese government to travel as a missionary itinerant wherever he wishes among the Laos who are tri- butary to Siam.

It appears that TAN KIM CHENG Esqr. Consul for Siam at Singapore who arrived here per steamer Chow Phya on the 8th inst. has been ap- pointed by the Telegraph Co. at Sing- apore and sanctioned by the Siamese government to go and complete the necessary arrangements among the Malay States tributary to Siam, for erecting the Moulmein and Singapore Telegraph line, and that he will soon take his departure on that mission.

We are glad to learn that His Ma- jesty the king has responded favora- bly to the request sent to him from Paris to patronise the Great French Exhibition which is to commence its arrangements about the beginning of next January,—that certain Siamese nobleman have already been nominated by the King to represent Siam at that time in Paris, and that a goodly va- riety of Siamese productions and manu- factures have been collected for exhi- bition on that great occasion. We are informed also that Capt. D. Win- sor. Secretary to His Excellency Chow Phya P’raklang, will be the In- terpreter to the representative corps. They are to leave by the next Chow Phya or the one following.

The Siamese Tug Steamer Fairy, made a vigorous effort a few days since to tow up to Rahaang a small junk loaded with salt ; but was obliged to give it up as a bad job before she reached the old city on account of the strong current that now rushes con- stantly down the river.

Robbery.

We hear that the teakwood custom office near Cheinat has recently been robbed of a large amount, of govern- ment money together with all the moveable property on the place. Re- port says that no one was killed in the robbery but that the keeper of the office and his wife were bound by the robbers, who had ALL [?] the [?]ployers on the place, had fled. Chow Phya P'so- t'se-P'ie, we understand, is in charge of the timber farm.

We have one event of a local charac- ter to record, which is to, us of peculiar interest. It is the fact that both His Majesty the king of Siam and the king of Cheangmai have given their verbal permission to Rev. Messrs. Ma Gilvary and Wilson of the Presb. Mission in this city, to remove their families to Cheangmai, and settle there. It is un-

derstood that they are to enjoy all the freedom as Missionaries which they have hitherto done in Bangkok and Petchaburee with the single exception of the right to purchase land.

THE NEWS OF THE REBELLION IN Bur- mah is, we are informed, making the king of Cheangmai quite anxious lest the rebels shall invade his territory in his absence, and produce great confu- sion in his government. Many of his most reliable princes and officials are here with him, and the security of his kingdom is hence quite weakened. He is therefore very anxious to hasten homeward. It must be a long jour- ney for him even with the greatest rapidity that can be given to it.

There is just now, as we learn, an interesting discussion going on in the supreme court of Siam concerning a certain Laos or Shan Prince who fled a few years since from Mongmai a La- os province belonging to Burma, be- ing attended by 5000 followers, and took refuge in one of the towns under the jurisdiction of the king of Cheang- mai. His name is CROWFA KOLAN and is now living 15 days travel north of Cheangmai. His son K'OON LOOGANG, accompanied the king of Cheangmai down the river to pay His respects to His Majesty the king of Siam and is now here. It seems that the king of Burma has been employing a variety of means all of a friendly and suasive character to induce the king of Cheang- mai to deliver up CROWFA KOLAN to the Burman government, but has not suc- ceeded. His constant reply to the king of Burma, it is said, has been that the question must be submitted to His Majesty the king of Siam his Lord pa- ramount and Protector. And conse- quently the refugee Prince has sent his son to the court of the Prabats[?] seeking for protection from the Burman king. We hope and trust that His Majesty the king will be made well acquainted with the good usages of European nations in all such cases of political refugees, and determine to protect that Burman Prince; for there seems to be no ques- tion that he is strictly and only a po- litical refugee. England, even, is jus- tified in protecting the greatest Amer- ican rebels that were engaged in the late civil war whenever they get fair- ly within her jurisdiction, because such conduct is according to the internation- al code of laws which Christian nations have agreed to as being just, and hence should be binding upon all nations therein concerned. And if the usages of heathen nations do not harmonize with this, it is high time they should; and the king of Siam will be sustained in violating a custom that would lead him to deliver up a political refugee.

Prices Current.

premium 10 d.s.

FREIGHT.-—Small vessels may find em- ployment at from 40 to 45 cents per pl. rice to Hongkong.

The following charters have been ef- fected viz :—-

Bri. bark "G. Shotton" 62 ½ cents per pl. "Fairy" 50 "Northam" 50

The following vessels have sailed since the 22nd August, for Hong Kong.

Bri. bark "Nightingale" 10080 pls rice

" ship "Cutty Sark" 9338

Bre. bark "Scharnhorst" 11087 197 sapanwood.

Siam bark "Orestes" 3198 pls rice, 590 sapanwood, 270 teelseed, 1000 paddy.

Siam bark "Telegraph" with 4.220 pls. rice, 200 sapanwood, 1250 paddy.

Siam ship "Canton" with 14440 pls. rice, 700 sapanwood, 98 suger, 230 hides, 500 teelseed, 300 paddy.

Siam brig "Amoy" with 1.715 pls. rice, 32 sapanwood,

Hanover bark "Gemine Brons" with 11.826 pls. rice, 359 sapanwood, 230 teel- seed.

The following have sailed for Singapore,

Siam steamer "Chow Puya" with 4603 pls. rice, 582 suger, 58 hides, 68 teelseed, 14 silk.

British steamer "Seewoon" with 5.023 pls. rice, 150 sapanwood, 10 horns.

Siam bark "Golden Star" with 1200 pls. rice, 100 sapanwood, 45 tin, 500 paddy.

The Second King of Siam.

The deeds of the second king of Siam, are all recorded on the tablet of time, and death has placed the fi- nal seal. No change or amendment is now possible. It remains for man to review his deeds, and award him his place in the world's history.

His title before he became a king was Chow FA Nor. With this name he distinguished himself for his know- ledge and love of the arts of the west- ern world. He, and his elder royal brother, Chow FA Yai, had been set aside by the officials empowered to establish the succession on the throne of Siam, to give place to a still elder brother, royal only on his father's side. For security Cuow FA Yai entered the priesthood and gave himself up to the study of philosophy, literature, and re- ligion—-while Cnow FA Nor remain- ed at the palace on the west of the ri- ver, noted as the place where the cele- brated Phya Tax held his court when Bangkok was first made the ca- pital, he was noted for his love of whatever was European, and gave himself up to the study of the arts as practised by the natives of the west.

His watchward was progress. He purposed to know what gave to the west their development, their success, their power, and their influence. His ear was open, and his mind awake to all that commanded attention in the arts. This led him, perhaps, into the company of a class of men, that while they excelled in practical knowledge were not always of equally sterling morals, to give a good moral bias.

He studied navigation and the art of ship building very early, even before there were resident Protestant missionaries in Siam. Captain Coffin, who took away those twins that have been the wonder of the world, was one of his first teachers. The fact that he made progress, under the tedious method alone open to him, shows that he was a man of great energy. He then knew only a few words of English, and there was then no foreign resident, with whom he communicated, who understood Siam- ese. Afterwards Dr. Jones taught him to read English and gave him some knowledge of arithmetic and mathematical astronomy. Eventually he spoke English well. No other Siamese, perhaps, excelled him.

He did not first direct his architec- tural skill to ship building. His first essays at practical mechanism were made at repairing watches. The first vessel, after a European model, made in Siam, was built by no less a per- sonage than the present Prime Minis- ter. The first men in the kingdom, like Peter the great, have put their shoulders to the wheel of progress, with a will, and Siam has made great strides in mechanism as a consequence. The name of the Second King, the Prime Minister and others of kin- dred spirit will be known to posterity as the benefactors of their nation.

The Second King, while yet only a prince, built several sailing vessels from European models. After Mr. Chandler arrived in Siam, the prince prosecuted his mechanical efforts un- der comparatively favorable auspices, and made proportionate advancement. He fitted up the first Steam Engine in Siam. It was placed in a small boat, and plied up and down the Me- nam to the no little wonder of the un-

initiated. The prince also had the honor of introducing the first turning lathe and setting up the machine shop.

When the Siamese had war with Cochin-China, during the reign of PRA NANG KLAU, CHOW PA NOI was made head of the Siamese Navy and sent by sea, to aid in the war. This brought out his military character. Ever after, he showed pride in the military department. None left so fine an arsenal. None surpassed him, in the drill maintained among the sol- diery. The naval adventure also, gave him an opportunity to perfect his knowledge of navigation. He de- lighted in practical astronomy, in all its bearing upon this department. The king put him at the head of the ar- tillery of the nation. And however meager, the whole military might be, compared with the stupendous arrange- ments for defense, in the western world, compared with what had been in Siam and what was, he was pro- eminent.

His taste for order and neatness and system were marked and unequalled. He was willing to give himself trouble to compass his fixed plans. He was always thinking and planing and devising and perfecting, completeness marked his efforts.

He was affable and gentlemanly in all his intercourse with foreigners, and if he did not generously reward ser- vices, that were invaluable to him, it should be put to the credit of being obliged to accomplish great ends with small means, rather than any natural penuriousness.

His palace was the admiration of all who visited it. It was built after a European model, furnished after European manner, and with European furniture. And his receptions were above invidious criticism. All was order and dispatch, with a degree of good taste that was quite wonderful, in a man, who had never been beyond his own little kingdom.

When PRA NANG KLAU, the king of the last reign, left the throne va- cant, the kingdom seemed in jeopardy, because the reigning king had sons, who might claim the throne, and the royal brothers, who had before been set aside, still be left to move in quiet life or fight for the throne. But two powerful noblemen, and a few staunch supporters, gave the priest prince, CHOW FA YAI, the reigns of govern- ment, and made CHOW FA NOI second king, and through the support of these powerful men all moved on harmo- niously.

The change for CHOW FA NOI was to a position of less notoriety, though he bare the title of king. He was a king in form without the power. He had his army, his navy, his court, his officials and all the forms of royalty, but the first king had all the executive power. And more, the Second King needed to be exceedingly circumspect, lest he might, in some way excite envy, jealousy, or suspicion, and so loose his place or even his head. This fact made him act under restraint. The position was not favorable to the full development, or the full exer- tion of his native and acquired abili- ties, yet he showed his sagacity not the less, by avoiding every act that might seem to covet for himself chief honor in the passing events of the kingdom.

He was more strictly a private gen- tleman than while he was prince, and gave himself to those departments that could not awaken suspicion. He loved to conduct all his correspondence in such a way as to give him respect abroad, and unlike his royal brother, never could himself write so hand- somely or compose so elegantly, that he could not better meet the demands of his cultivated taste, by one who received an accomplished western education. He was not willing to dis- pense with a secretary even in his simplest correspondence. He had the habit of composition though he wrote with quite superior penmanship. His ideas were much beyond his own power to execute, and none knew bet- ter then himself how to call in foreign aid. To secure a handsome ceremonial note, he would dispatch a royal barge of some twenty men, to call in the aid of a foreign and educated friend. It was something to occupy his thought and please his taste.

He found much amusement and employment in building some beauti- ful pleasure boats and steamers and gun-boats. He was always receiving from abroad all the improvements in fire arms, and found occupation in writing orders and making suitable acknowledgments.

But his life of restraint was not fa- vorable to his health. He grew hypo- chondriacal. His low spirits made his health worse. From month to month he grew still more ill till it was whis- pered that he could not recover. The announcement produced general regret. And with none more than the king. He was a firm pillar of the state. The king knew what he should loose in his brother. He loved and respected him and was in deep sorrow at the thought of loosing him.

I was in the ante-room in one of the last visits the king made his dy- ing brother. At that time the clos- ing event was hourly expected. The king came with no blast of bugle, with no messengers preparing the way. His arrival was announced in whispers. He stole quietly into the ante-room, waiting near the door of the sick room, till he might be admitted to his bro- thers side, and his train, composed of his own daughters, sisters, nieces and some of the next prominent ladies of his court crouched around the ante- room in solemn silence. We watched breathlessly as he passed into the sick room. He remained but a little time, and when he returned seemed over- whelmed with grief. He bowed low as he crouched at the door and we saw at a look that all hope was gone. The whole company bowed with him and wept. There was no lamentation, no sound even, it was deep silent grief.

Yet the king in his sorrow did not forget his country. That very day was a glad day connected with some hair cutting ceremony, which pro- claimed to the people, that his royal son was passing from the ranks of childhood and might be a centre to cluster the hopes of the nation. The old props were being removed true, but a royal heir was coming into their ranks. Long live Crow Fa [?] Cur-La Lox Kons. On him the eyes of the council, that establishes the line of kings for Siam will be constantly turned. He should be trained to be king. Though he might, like his royal father, for a time give place to another, his superior in age and wisdom. He is right royal and the people will love to honor him. May he live to ascend the throne of his fathers, sustained by men as true and loyal as have sustained him, who now sits upon the throne.

The Second King did all honor to the throne. Let all honor be paid his memory and to his children who live to imitate his virtues. He has a GEORGE WASHINGTON among his sons, winning the hearts of his coun- trymen, as did he whose name he bears, by his kind and thoughtful de- meanor. The sons of the Second King as well as those of the first, ought to have knowledge—science—the disci- pline of the schools. They should have teachers, and the present king could do his country no greater good, and give his royal brother no better token of affection than by educating his large family of children.

Rebellion in Upper Burmah.

Under the heading of the Startling News from the Burmese Capital, we published in an Extra on Wednesday last. "That the intelligence from Mandalay is to the effect that on the 2nd instant (August) two sons of the King of Burmah murdered their Uncle the Ein Shee Meng. After that by zheir orders two of their half brothers, three of the Woongyees and other leading men were murdered."

The Thongzay Prince, who fromerly came to Rangoon, has escaped from the city. There appears every probability that no more bloodshed will take place.

All Europeans are safe and unmolested. No difficulty as respects intercourse be- tween the Burmese and British Govern- ments is anticipated.

To intelligent Europeans, Burmese politics always present a very entangled web, around which the secrecy of Orien- tal Courts adds greatly to the perplexity of the subject. But we may perhaps make this matter plain by stating that the present King has a large number of sons, between thirty and forty altogether. Most of these boys are of tender age, but a few of them are rapidly advancing into manhood, or have already attained to that period of life.

Since the accession to the throne of the present King in December 1852, his brother by the same mother, called the Ein Shee Meng, was regarded both by the Court and the population as the Heir ap- parent to the Throne. The meaning of the Burmese title by which he was ad- dressed, implied this heirship. But as the King and the royal brother were both rising in years, the former being fifty five and the latter fifty two, the younger branch thought it high time to act as all their predecessors had done, to strike for the throne. A Burman monarch never dies in power. He is generally either put down by some conspiracy, or placed in confinement. King Tharrawaddee, the father of the late and present Bur- mese sovereign, was made a prisoner by his eldest surviving son, who mounted the throne and retained his father a cap- tive during the remainder of his life. Similarly the Paghan Meng, or the late king was hurled from power by a rising of the people at the capital, during the last war with the British government. He was considered a mere puppit in the hands of a few persons and utterly unfit to govern. The Men-doon Meng then mounted the throne and has kept his half brother the Paghan Meng a prisoner ever since. The deposed king has no sons.

By the events which have taken place at the Burmese capital within the last few days, the throne of the present and very popular king seems to be shaking. A rebellion is always a precursor of a revolution. The direct succession stood up to a recent date as follows:—-

1. Brother of the king—Ein Shee Meng, who is reported to have been assassinated.

2. Eldest son of the king, The Ma- toon Mentha, age about 25 years; also murdered.

3. Second son of the king, The Thong- zay prince, age about 24 years fled from the city.

4. Third son of the king, The Men- goon prince, about 23 years of age; fled from the city.

5. Fourth son of the king, The Mek- kara prince age, 22 years in the city.

6. Fifth son of the King, The Tagoo Mentha, age about 21 years, supposed to be in the city.

Up to the breaking out of the rebellion these were the principal members of the royal family of Burma. As will be ob- served, the game for the throne lies be- tween the Thongzay prince and the Mengoon prince. All of these princes are half brothers, being born of different mothers.

According to Burmese custom, the prince who aspires to the throne, escapes as quietly and as quickly as he can away from the royal city. In the country, he and his followers raise the standard of revolt. They rally all the banditti and dacoits throughout the country, and lure them on by promises of plunder. As the game is still playing, it is impossible to tell who will be the next King of Burmah. That the good and friendly King will be dethroned, there is no doubt. His life will be spared, and the remainder of his days will be spent as a captive. As it is unusual to retain two deposed Kings at one time in the royal city, the fate of the Paghan King may be considered as deci- ded. He will be quietly put out of the way.

Two of the three Woongyees, or Minis- ters of State who have been murdered are known, one was the Myadoung or as he was commonly styled the Paibay Woongyee, who was the Commander-in- Chief of the city, of the royal troops, of the arsenal and palace. The other Woongyee was Loungshay, the King's special and confidential friend and adviser in all matters pertaining to the welfare of the kingdom. The third Minister of State is not known, at least his name has not been mentioned.

Among others who have been assassi- nated in the course of recent events, is the celebrated Moung Oke, the ex Bur- mese Governor of Rangoon, to whose rapacity and ferocity toward Europeans, the last war was attributable. He held no office, but his brother is Master of the Horse and governor of Moke-so-bo, the district just north of the capital.

The British government can feel no concern in these tragic proceedings. We cannot interfere in a civil war among the Burmese. If they refrain from doing us any injury, we shall allow them to settle their quarrels among themselves. If they attack out Resident, or kill any European we shall be down upon them in double quick time for justice and redress.— RAN- GOON TIMES.

Odds & Ends.

-—Scarcely anything in life is so sweet as the repose of Sunday—-the soothing suggestion of its devouter offices, its si- lence, its calm, its immunities.

—-When Voltaire was told that a friend of his was studying to become a physici- an, he exclaimed. "Why will he be so mad? He will have to thrust drugs of which he knows but little, into a body of which he knows less."

—-"Ah, me," said a pious lady, "Our minister was a powerful preacher; for the short time he ministered the word of God among us, he kicked three pulpits to pieces and banged the in'ards out of five Bibles."

—-The habitual conviction of the pre- sence of God is the sovereign remedy in temptations; it supports, it consoles, it calms us.

-—The best defence of lying that we ever read, is the remark of Charles Lamb, related by Leigh Hunt, that "truth was precious and not to be wasted on every- body."

-—A woman being enjoined to try the effect of kindness on her husband, and being told that it would heap coals of fire on his head, replied that she had tried "boiling water, and it didn't do a bit of good.

—-Elder Knapp, speaking of long prayers once said: "When Peter was endeavoring to walk upon the water to meet his Master, and was about sinking, had his supplication been like to our modern prayers, before he got through he would have been fifty feet under water.

Anecdotes of Dogs.

MR. ADSHEAD, one of our Derbyshire correspondents writes:—-

"I live in the country, and have often occasion to be from home for weeks together. During my absence my dog (a very valuable one of the bull and terrier breed), displays an amount of sagacity, which to me is quite as interesting as it is singular. During my stay at home he quietly sleeps in the back kitchen, but on the night of the day that I leave home, he makes his way up-stairs to the bed- room where my wife sleeps, when he creeps under the bed, and from thence he will neither be coaxed nor driven until the morning, as much as to say, "I know your natural protector is gone, so here I will remain and do the best I can to guard you." This the dog does every night until my re- turn, when he goes back to his old quarters in the kitchen, and there re- mains until I again take my departure.

He has not been taught to act thus and I can only refer his conduct to that sagacious apprehension of con- sequences which has led many dogs aforetime to place themselves in sit- uations where they have become the means of saving life, and defending property."—-British Workman.

CORRECTION.

In the Tide Table of the Bangkok Calendar for 1866 for May, June, Au- gust, and October, for High read Low, and for Low read HIGH.