The Bangkok Recorder.

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Knocking! Ever Knocking!

Who is there?

’Tis a pilgrim, strange and kingly,

Never such was seen before—-

Ah, sweet soul, for such a wonder,

Undo the door.

No-—that door is hard to open;

Hinges rusty, latch is broken;

Bid Him go.

Wherefore, with that knocking dreary

Scare the sleep from one so weary?

Say Him—no.

Knocking, knocking, ever knocking!

What! Still there?

O, sweet soul, but once behold Him,

With the glory-crowned hair;

And those eyes so strange and tender,

Waiting there;

Open! Open! Once behold Him,

Him, so fair.

Ah, that door! Why wilt Thou vex me,

Coming over to perplex me?

For the key is stiffly rusty,

And the bolt is clogged and dusty;

Many—fingered ivy vine

Seals it fast with twist and twine;

Weeds of years and years before,

Choke the passage of that door.

Knocking! Knocking! What! Still knocking!

He still there?

What’s the hour? The night is waning—-

In my heart a dread complaining,

And a chilly sad unrest!

Ah, this knocking! It disturbs me,

Scares my sleep with dreams unblest!

Give me rest,

Rest-—ah, rest!

Rest, dear soul, He longs to give thee;

Thou hast only dreamed of pleasure,

Dreamed of gifts and golden treasure,

Dreamed of jewels in thy keeping,

Waked to weariness of weeping—-

Open to thy soul’s one Lover,

And thy night of dreams is over—-

The true gift He brings have seeming

More than all thy faded dreaming!

Did she open? Doth she? Will she?

So, as wondering we behold,

Grows a picture to a sign

Pressed upon your soul and mine;

For in every breast that liveth

Is that strange mysterious door;

The forsaken and betangled,

Ivy-gnarled and weed-bejangled,

Dusty, rusty and forgotten—-

There the pierced hand still knocketh,

And with ever patient watching.

With the sad eyes true and tender,

With the glory-crowned hair—-

Still a God is waiting there.

The Appeal of the loyal men

The representatives of eight millions of Ame- rican citizens appeal for protection and justice to their friends and brothers in the states that have been spared the cruelties of the rebellion and the direct horrors of civil war. Here, on the spot where freedom was proffered and pledged by the fathers of the Republic, we implore your help against a reorganized op- pression, whose sole object is to remit the control of our destinies to the contrivers of the rebellion, after they have been vanquished in honorable battle; thus at once to punish us for our devotion to our country and to entrench themselves in the official fortifications of the government. Others have related the thrill- ing story of our wrongs from reading and observation.

We come before you as another, God witness and speak from personal knowledge and experience. If you fail us we are more utterly deserted and betrayed, than if the con- test had been decided against us; for, in that case, even victorious slavery would have found profit in the speedy pardon of those who had been among its bravest foes. Unexpected per- fidy in the highest place of the government, accidentally filled by one who adds cruelty to ingratitude, and forgives the guilty as he persecutes the innocent, has stimulated the almost extinguished revenge of the beaten conspirators, and now the rebels who offered to yield everything to save their own lives, are seeking to consign us to bloody graves. Where we expected a benefactor we find a persecutor. Having lost our champion we return to you, who can make presidents and punish traitors. Our last hope under God is the unity and firmness of the States that elect- ed Abraham Lincoln and defeated Jefferson Davis. The best statement of our case is the appalling yet unconscious confession of And- rew Johnson, who in savage hatred of his own record proclaims his purpose to clothe the four millions of traitors with the power to im- poverish and degrade eight millions of loyal men. Our wrongs bear alike on all races, and our tyrants, unchecked by you, will award the same fate to white and black. We can remain as we are only as inferiors and victims. We may fly from our houses, but we should fear to trust our fate with those who, after denouncing and defeating traitors, refused to right those who have bravely assisted them in the good work. Till we are wholly rescued, there is neither peace for you nor prosperity for us.

We cannot better define at once our wrongs and our wants than by declaring that since Andrew Johnson affiliated with his early slan- derers and our constant enemies, his hand has been laid heavily upon every earnest loyalist in the South. History, the just judg- ment of the present, and the certain consummation of the future, invite and command us to declare:

That, after rejecting his own remedies for restoring the Union, he has resorted to the weapons of traitors to bruise and beat down patriots;

That after declaring that none but the loyal should govern the reconstructed South, he has practised upon the maxim that none but traitors shall rule;

That while in the North he has removed conscientious men from office, and filled many of the vacancies with the sympathizers of trea- son, in the South he has removed the proved and trusted patriot and selected the equally proved and convicted traitor;

That, after brave men, who had fought for the old flag, have been nominated for posi- tions, their names have been recalled and avowed rebels substituted;

That every original Unionist in the South, who stands fast to Andrew Johnson's coven- ants from 1861 to 1865, has been ostracized; that he has corrupted the local courts by offer- ing premiums for the defiance of the laws of Congress and by openly discouraging the ob- servance of the oath against treason; that while refusing to punish one single conspicu- ous traitor, though thousands had earned the penalty of death, more than a thousand of devoted Union citizens have been murdered in cold blood since the surrender of Lee; and in no case have their assassins been brought to judgment; that he has pardoned some of the worst of the rebel criminals north and south, including some who have taken human life under circumstances of unparalleled atrocity; that while denouncing and fettering the opera- tions of the Freedmen's Bureau, he with full knowledge of the falsehood, has charged that the black men are lazy and rebellious, and has concealed the fact that more whites than blacks have been protected and fed by that noble organization; and that while declaring that it was corruptly managed and expensive to the government, he has connived at a system of profligacy in the use of the public patronage and public money, wholly without parallel, save when the traitors bankrupted the Treas- ury and sought to disorganize and scatter the army and the navy, only to make it more easy to capture the government;

That while declaring against the injustice of leaving eleven states unrepresented, he has refused to authorize the liberal plan of Con- gress, simply because it recognizes the loyal majority and refuses to perpetuate the traitor minority;

That in every state south of Mason and Dixon's line his “policy” has wrought the most deplorable consequences, social, moral and political. It has emboldened returned rebels to threaten civil war in Maryland, Mis- souri, West Virginia and Tennessee, unless the patriots who saved and sealed these states to the old flag surrender before the arrogant demand. It has corrupted high state officials elected by Union men and sworn to enforce the laws against rebels, and made them the mere instruments of the authors of the rebellion. It has encouraged a new alien- ation between the sections, and by impeding emigration to the South has created a favor- able barrier to free and friendly inter- course in the North and West. It has allowed the rebel soldiery to persecute the members of the colored schools and to burn the churches in which the freedmen here worshipped the living God. This a system so barbarous should have culminated in the frightful riot at Memphis, and the still more appalling mas- sacre at New Orleans, was as natural as that a bloody war should now be impending as the rule of John C. Calhoun and Jefferson Davis. An- drew Johnson is responsible for all these un- speakable cruelties, and he provoked and sustained and applauded them, sending his agents and emissaries into this woful land to excite republicans to initiate new outrages; his reckless policy to put upon a Southern people. He fur- ther says that those persons who were at the insur- rection against the Constitution were not only denied to the free people of New Orleans who on the 30th of July, when they assembled to discuss how best to protect themselves; but denied admittance to the slaughter of hundreds of in- nocent men.

No page in the record of his recent outrages upon human justice and constitutional law is more revolting than that which convicts him of refusing to arrest the preparations for that savage carnival, and not only of refusing to punish its authors, but of toiling to throw the guilty responsibility upon unoffending and in- nocent freedmen. The infatuated tyrant that stood ready to crush his own people in Tennes- see when they were struggling to maintain a government erected by himself, against his and other traitors' persecutions, was even more eager to illustrate his savage policy by clothing with the most despotic power the rioters of New Orleans.

Notwithstanding this heartless desertion and cruel persecution by Andrew Johnson, the states of Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Western Virginia, Maryland and Delaware, imbued with democratic republican principles —principles which the fathers of the republic designed for all America, are now making determined battle with the enemies of free constitutional government, and by the bles- sing of God these states will soon range them- selves in line with the former free states, and illustrate the wisdom and beneficence of the great charter of American liberty by their in- creasing population, wealth and prosperity in the remaining ten states. The seeds of oligar- chy, planted in the Constitution by its slavery feature, have grown to be a monstrous power, whose recognition thus wrung from these re- luctant framers of that great instrument enabl- ed these states to entrench themselves behind the perverted doctrine of states rights, and sheltered by a claim of constitutional obliga- tion to maintain slavery in the states to present to the American government the alternatives of oligarchy with slavery, or democratic-re- publican governments without slavery.

A forbearing government, bowing to a sup- posed constitutional behest, acquiesced in the former alternative. The hand of the govern- ment was stayed for eighty years. The prin- ciples of constitutional liberty languished for want of government support. Oligarchy matur- ed its power with subtle design. Its history for eighty years is replete with unparalleled injuries and usurpations; it developed only the agricultural localities geographically dis- tinct from the free labor localities, and less than one third of the whole with African slav- es. It held four millions of human beings as chattels, yet made them the basis of unjust power for themselves in federal and state go- vernments. To maintain their enslavement it excluded millions of free white laborers from the richest agricultural lands of the world, forced them to remain inactive and unproduc- tive on the mineral, manufacturing and lum- ber localities comprising two-thirds of the whole South in square miles and real un- developed wealth, simply because the localities were agriculturally too poor for slave labor, and condemned them to agriculture on this unagricultural territory, and consigned them to unwilling ignorance and poverty by deny- ing capital and strangling enterprise. It re- pelled the capital, energy, will, and skill of the free states from the free labor localities by unmitigated intolerance and proscription, thus guarding the approaches to their slave domain against democracy. Statute books groaned under despotic laws against unlawful and insurrectionary assemblies aimed at the constitutional guaranties of the right to pea- ceably assemble and petition for redress of grievances. It nullified constitutional guaran- ties of freedom and free speech and a free press. It deprived citizens of the other states of their privileges and immunities in the states-—an injury and usurpation, alike unjust to northern citizens and destructive of the best interests of the states themselves. Alarmed at the progress of democracy in the face of every discouragement, at last it sought immunity by secession and war. The heart sickens with contemplation of the four years that followed, forced loans, impressments,conscriptions with bloody hands and bayonets; the number of aged Union men who had long laid aside the implements of labor, but who had been sum- moned anew to the field by the conscription of their sons to support their children and grand- children; reduced from comfort on the verge of starvation; the slaughter of noble youths, types of physical manhood, forced into an unholy war against those with whom they were identified by every interest; long months of incarceration in rebel bastiles; banishment from homes and hearthstones, are but a par- tial recital of the long catalogue of horrors. But democrats, North and South combined, defeated them. They lost. What did they lose? The cause of oligarchy? They lost African slavery by name only. Soon as the tocsin of war ceased-—soon as the clang of arms was hushed, they raise the cry of imme- diate admission, and with that watchword seek to organize under new forms a contest to perpetuate their undrilled sway. They re- habilitate with them sweeping control of all local and state organizations.

The federal Executive, easily seduced, yields a willing obedience to his old mas- ters. Aided by his unscrupulous disregard of Constitution and laws, by his merciless proscription of true democratic opinion, and by all his appliances of despotic power, they now defiantly enter the lists in the loyal North, and seek to wring from free- men an endorsment of their wicked designs. Every foul agency is at work to accomplish this result. Falsely protesting to assent to the abolition of slavery, they are con- triving to continue its detestable power by legislative acts against pretended vagrants. They know that any form of servitude will answer their unholy purpose. They pro- nounce the four years' war a brilliant sword scene in the great revolutionary dramas. Proscriptive public sentiment holds high carnival, and profiting by the example of the Presidential pilgrim, breathes out threatenings of slaughter against loyalty, ignores and denounces all legal restraints, and assails with the tongue of malignant slander the constitutionally chosen repre- sentatives of the people.

To still the voice of liberty, dangerous alone to tyrants, midnight conflagrations, assassinations and murders in open day are called to their aid; a reign of terror through all these ten states makes loyalty stand silent in the presence of treason or whisper in bated breath. Strong men hesitate openly to speak for liberty and decline to attend a convention at Philadelphia for fear of destruction.

But all southern men are not yet awed into submission to treason, and we have assembled from all these states determined that liberty, when endangered, shall find a mouthpiece, and that the government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. We are here to consult together how best to pro- vide for a Union of truly republican states, to seek to resume thirty six stars on the old flag.

We are here to see that ten of these stars, opaque bodies paling their ineffectual fires beneath the gloom of darkness of oligar- chical tyranny and oppression—we wish them to be brilliant stars, emblems of con- stitutional liberty, glitering orbs sparkling with the life giving principles of the model republic, fitting ornaments of the glorious banner of freedom.

Our last and only hope is in the unity and fortitude of the loyal people of Ame- rica, in the support and vindication of the Thirty-ninth Congress, and the election of a controlling Union majority in the suc- ceeding or Fortieth Congress. While the new article amending the national Consti- tution offers the most liberal conditions to the authors of the rebellion and does not come up to the measure of our expectations, we believe its ratification would be the commencement of a complete and lasting protection to all our people ; and, there- fore, we accept it as the best present re- medy, and appeal to our brothers in the North and the West to make it their watch- word in the coming elections.

The tokens are auspicious of overwhelm- ing success. However little the verdics of the ballotbox many affect the reckless man in the Presidential chair, we cannot doubt that the traitors and sympathisers will recognise that verdict as the surest indica- tion that the mighty power which crushed the rebellion is still alive, and that those who attempt to oppose or defy it will do so at the risk of their own destruction.

R.O.SIDNEY, of Mississippi,

JOHN H ATKINSON, of Western Virginia.

JOHN H. ALDERDICE, of Delaware.

A.W.HAWKINS, of Tennessee.

SAMUEL KNOX, of Missouri.

WRIGHT. R. FISH, of Louisiana.

MILTON J.SAFFOLD, of Alabama.

PHILLIP FRAKE, of Florida.

D.R.GOOLOE, of North Carolina.

D.C.FORNET, of District of Columbia,

JOHN A.J.CRESWELL, of Maryland.

G.W.ASHBURN, of Georgia.

Our confidence in the over ruling pro- vidence of God prompts the predictions and intensifies the belief that when this warn- ing is sufficiently taught to these misguided and reckless men, the liberated millions of the rebellios South will be proffered those right and franchises which may be necessary to adjust and settle this mighty controversy in the spirit of the most enlar- ged and Christian philanthropy. man.

Prussia's New Position.

What singular and wonderful fortune has been that of the Prussian monarchy. Four hundred and twenty years ago, a petty Count of Hohenzollern, who was Burgrave at Nuremberg, obtained, from Sigismond, Emperor of Germany, the Province of Brandenburg, which had neither military nor commercial import- ance. It was one of the most unimpor- tant Principalities, and the heads of the Germanic empire could never have im- agined nor even dreamed that the inher- itors of this insignificant territory would ever dare dispute the supremacy of the Hapsburg dynasty.

At the time of the Reformation, the princes of Brandenburg began to acquire more power and importance. Property belonging to the Romish clergy was con- fiscated, and, in consequence of larger revenues, the civil heads were able to in- crease the number of their soldiers. Yet Brandenburg was still in a very inferior rank; much below Saxony, Westphalia and many other German Principalities.

In the Thirty Years War the Electors of Brandenburg joined the heroic Gusta- vus Adolphus, but did not play an im- portant part in the conflict. The Swedes and Saxons were greatly superior, both in the matter of revenue and military strength.

It is singular that the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes was the origin of new destiny to Prussia. Very many French families, exiled by the brutal despotism of Louis XIV., brought their manufacturing arts to this country. The Huguenots were good citizens, brave soldiers, skillful workmen, and enriched their new country at the expense of France.

In 1701 the Elector of Brandenburg obtained the title of king, soliciting this act of munificence from the Emperor of Germany, to whom, as vassal, he had rendered important service. But this new title did not confer greater authority or respect on Frederic First. This newly- created king continued to be the humble dependant of the Emperor, and could undertake no military expedition with- out the permission of his Suzerain chief.

Prussia's true greatness began in the middle of the eighteenth century, under the reign of Frederic II. This great captain, who was on intimate terms with Voltaire and other philosophers of his time, maintained, as much by his genius as by the number of his soldiers, three great struggles, not only against the House of Austria, but against a great continental coalition. He annexed Sile- sia and a part of Poland to his hereditary dominions. Nevertheless, at his death, in 1786, Prussia had not over seven mil- lions of inhabitants. But she had a well disciplined army of 200,000 men, and unshaken confidence in the bravery of her battalions.

It is well known that the Prussians, by turns conquerors and conquered, in their long war against Napoleon, crown- ed their exploits on the field of Water- loo. The King of Prussia was rewarded by the treaties of 1815; he obtained a part of Saxony and other provinces, which gave him considerable rank among the continental potentates. But the Em- pire of Austria preserved incontestable supremacy in Germany, and its represen- tative had the presidency at the Diet of Frankfurt.

What a change following late events! Austrian troops have been beaten in every encounter, and the Prussians, af- ter invading Bohemia, Moravia, a part of Hungary, etc., have threatened to enter the capital of the Emperor Francis Jo- seph.

At this day the Prussian king, second- ed by his Prime Minister, Count Bis- marck, dictates conditions of peace. Be- sides the Duchies of Schleswig-Holstein, he gains those of Nassau and Han[over], etc. Still more, he is at the head of the new Confederacy and commander-in- chief of the armies, and to him are en- trusted diplomatic arrangements, etc.

The Prussian monarchy will have al- most absolute control over thirty millions of Germans—an army of from 5 to 600,- 000 men, perfectly disciplined, financed in a flourishing condition, an intelligent and industrious population—in a word, all the elements of great power and great prosperity for the future. The Prussian king will be the real emperor of North- ern Germany, from the Baltic to the Rhine.

As to Southern Germany, formed of secondary states, with six millions of in- habitants, what resistance can she offer to Prussia's colossal preponderance? She would be like a little planet constrained to roll in the orbit of a star of the first magnitude.

It is certain that the interior situation of Germany is wisely changed, and that, consequently, the balance of power in Europe has undergone great modifica- tions. Will Napoleon III. accept this new state of things without demanding increase of territory? He has not yet spoken his final words on this subject. As with Russia; she will probably endea- vor to gain something in the East to compensate her for the dangers to which she is exposed in the North.

Everything is uncertain at the present time, and each State is making prepara- tions to march to the battle-field, if events require.

Personal Influence.

Blessed influence of one true, loving, human soul on another! Not calculable by algebra, not deducible by logic, but mysterious, effectual, mighty as the hid- den process by which the tiny seed is quickened, and bursts forth into tall stem and broad leaf, and glowing unsoil'd flower. Ideas are often poor ghosts ; our sun-filled eyes cannot discern them; they pass athwart us in thin vapor, and can- not make themselves felt. But some- times they are made flesh; they breathe upon us with warm breath, they touch us with soft responsive hands, they look at us with sad, sincere eyes, and speak to us in appealing tones ; they are clothed in a living human soul, with all its faith and its love. Then their presence is a power, then they shake us like a passion, and we are drawn after them with mute compulsion, as flame is drawn into flame. —-BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE.

Bangkok Recorder.

The T'achcen Canal.

The canal which is being cut from this city to the T'achcen river, a dis- tance of about fourteen miles has, we learn, been excavated only two thirds of the way—-one third being at the eastern terminus and the other at the western. Why is it, we beg to ask, has that work progressed so slow- ly! Nearly a year ago, we were in- formed by persons in whose judgment we could confide, that it would be finished in four or five months from that time. Has the Siamo-Chinese nobleman, to whom the government gave the contract, become straitened for the want of funds to complete it? If we have been correctly informed, he promised government that he would make the canal and a carriage road on one of its banks for the privilege of establishing two Hue-lotteries on the T'achcen river—-one at Nakawn cheisee, and the other in the town of T'achcen, with the exclusive right of using them for a period of three years. Another mode allowed him by gov- ernment for remunerating himself for the work instead of the hui lotteries, was, as we learn, a license to take a certain amount of tolls on all boats that shall pass in the canal for the period of ten years, and a tax of one salung per rei on all paddy fields within fifteen sens—equal to 300 Siamese fathoms from the canal on either side for the same time. By a circular which the contractor issued July 1865, it would appear that he then submit- ted the two modes for the opinion of all readers of the paper, requesting each one, to send to him within twelve days, "in few words," showing which of the two plans he would pre- fer to have taken in collecting money to pay for the canal. We have never heard any official report of that novel election. We presume that the con- tractor did not collect more than fifty ballots altogether, and doubt whether he got more than half that number. But it has been currently reported, that the election showed the minds of the people to be in favor of the lot- tery-plan; and the reason given is that it will compel no one to pay any tax for the privileges of the canal, since all who may venture to try their fortunes at the lotteries will do so simply because they love to gamble. It is said, too, that the contractor was well pleased with this view of the matter, as it will be a much shorter process of the two, will be attended with much less trouble to himself, and will be equally if not more remunera- tive than the other.

From such reports we have been led to think that two lotteries were soon to be established on the Ta'cheen River-—that the canal contractor would do all in his power of course to induce all the people in that thrifty province to try their fortunes at the game—-thus increasing the curse of gambling in that section fifty fold—- intoxicating all the people with it, and keeping them crazed from day to day and month to month, to the ruin of their business, their estates, and their families. It seemed to us like a license of the government to the contractor to humbug the people by mere visions of coming affluence, and then in their dreams to take their money from them. Or like giving him liberty to conjure legions of evil spirits to his aid in de- ceiving them, so that he could take their money without compensation, and that, too, by the dignity and ma- jesty of law.

Such a sad picture of that matter have we had before us for months even until after commencing the writ- ing of this article. But now we are exceedingly glad to learn from a no- bleman in whom we can place confi- dence, that the Siamese government has decided, that no lotteries shall be established on Ta’cheen River. and no where else for collecting funds for paying the expenses of that canal, and that the plan of taking tolls and tax- ing the paddy fields on its border shall be adopted. If this is true, which we fondly hope it is, then we have another pleasing evidence that Young Siam is still on the march of improve- ment. We fervently hope and pray that she will not slacken her progress, but rather increase it until gambling of all kinds (to speak now of no other evil) shall be placed where it should be in the same category with thieving.

and robbing, and forbidden by penal- ties which will stay the curse from des- olating the whole land as it now does. The gambling farms now in operation every where are clothed with honor and power by the government; and the grand excuse of the government for legalizing them is, that the people are so much in love of gambling that no laws can keep them from it, and that it is far better that the govern- ment should systematize it,—confim- ing it within certain localities, and get a revenue from it, than that it should start up in every house without re- straint and pay only the winners. Preposterous reasoning! The govern- ment not strong enough to check this evil! Then it is the weakest that has ever been known. As well might it be said that government is not strong enough to check theiving and robbing! But it is said, let the government get a little stronger before it undertake it, and then it will make a thorough work of it. How long pray, will it require for government to become strong enough for checking gambling while it is by this means continually sowing discord and poverty and crime in the land!

Sandwich Islands No. 6.

The good Regent KAAHUMANA, seeing the efforts which the Roman Catholies were making to subvert the good work which had been begun by the Protestant missionaries, and the outrages that were being committed at Lahaina and Honolulu by foreign seamen, aided even by an officer of the U. S. Navy, to break down the new laws of chastity which had been made, wrote a letter to the A. B. C. F. M. requesting them to send over more teachers. She addressed the Board as "friends and kindred," saying "I wish you to send hither more teach- ers to increase the light of Jesus Christ, for great has been the kind- ness of God towards the people of dark hearts." Her short prayer met with a quick response, and she had the great gratification of welcoming the second reinforcement of the mis- sion March 31st 1828. It consisted of 4 ordained missionaries, 1 physici- an, 1 printer, with their wives, and 4 unmarried ladies, teachers. Their names were Lorrin Andrews, Jonath- an S. Green, Peter Gulick, Ephraim W. Clark, Gerrit P. Judd, Stephen Shepard, Miss Maria C. Ogden, Miss. Delia Stone, Miss Mary Ward, and Miss Maria Patten.

So loud and urgent was the call for still more help, and so important did the Am. Board regard the work, that they sent out a 3d reinforcement in 1831, which consisted of 3 or- dained missionaries, and 1 assistant for secular affairs, with their wives. Their names were Dwight Baldwin, Reuben Tinker, Sheldon Dibble, and Andrew Johnstone.

The 4th arrived in 1832, and com- prised 8 ordained missionaries,1 physi- cian, and 1 printer, together with their wives. Their names were John S. Emerson, David B. Lyman, Eph- raim Spalding, William P. Alexander, Richard Armstrong, Cochran Forbes, Harvey R. Hitchcock, Lorenzo Lyons, Alonzo Chapin,and Edmund R. Rogers.

The 5th arrived in 1833, compris- ing 2 ordained missionaries, and 1 printer with their wives, namely, Benjamin W. Parker, Lowell Smith and Lemuel Fuller.

The 6th reinforcement arrived in 1835, having 1 ordained mission- ary, 1 bookbinder, and 1 printer, with their wives, together with 2 un- married ladies, as teachers. Their names were Titus Coan, Henry Di- mond, Edwin O. Hall, Miss Lydia Brown, and Miss Elizabeth M. Hitch- cock.

The 7th arrived in 1837 consis- ting of 4 ordained missionaries, 1 physician, 1 secular superintendent, 9 teachers and their wives, together with 2 unmarried ladies as teachers. Their names were Isaac Bliss, Daniel T. Conde, Mark Ives, Thomas La- four, M. D. Seth L. Andrews M. D. Samuel N. Castle, Edward Daily, Amos S. Cooke, Edward Johnson, Horton O. Knapp, Edwin Locke, Charles McDonald, Bethuel Munn, William S. Van Duzee, Abner Wil- cox, Miss Marcia M. Smith, and Miss Lucia G. Smith.

The 8th arrived in 1841 and was composed of 3 ordained missionaries, 1 teacher, and their wives, namely Elias Bond, Daniel Dole, John P. Faris, William H. Rice.

The 9th arrived in 1842, and had 2 ordained missionaries and their wives, namely George B. Rowell and James W. Smith M. D.

The 10th arrived in 1844 composed of 4 ordained missionaries, all having wives but one. Their names were Claudius B. Andrews, Timothy Dwight Hunt, Eliphalet Whittlesy and John Pogue.

The 11th arriving in 1848 had 2 ordained missionaries, namely Samuel G. Dwight, Henry Kinney, and Mrs. Kinney.

The 12th arrived in 1849 having only man and his wife, a Physician whose name was Charles H. Wetmore M. D.

The last reinforcement was sent out in 1854 and had only 1 ordained missionary and his wife. His name was William C. Shipman.

The whole number of clerical missionaries sent to the Islands since 1819 is forty. Besides these, several sons of those missionaries, educated in the U. S. have returned to the Islands as missionaries. There have also been six physicians, twenty lay- men as teachers, printers etc, and eighty three females, all but three of them wives of missionaries, and as- sistant missionaries. The term of missionary labor on the Islands, with the clerical members of the Mission, averages about twenty one years. One of them has been there forty four years; four, thirty six years; one, thirty three years, four, thirty- two, and two, thirty-one, years.

We copy the following statistical history of the Hawaiin Churches from Dr. Anderson's book.

The first native convert admitted to the church was Koopaolani in 1823 * * * Up to the year 1832, and including that year, the whole num- ber of members received was 577. The admissions in the next ten years were 29,651. Of these 19,877 were received in the years 1838-–1840; 2243 in 1842; and 5,396 in 1843,—indica- ting the years of the great awakening. The average number of each of the ten years is nearly 3,000. The admissions in the next ten years were 12,325, or an annual average of 1,232. In the next ten, the number received was 8,802, giving an annual average of 880 new members. The whole number from the beginning is 50,913, or an average for each year (of the 40 years since the first admission) of more than a thousand. To this an addition of 1,500 for the Protestant evangelical churches of Makawao, in East Maui, connected with the American Mission- ary Association, which would swell the sum total to 52,413. The excommu- nications in this period of forty years, not including the churches of Makawao, were not far from 8000." * * * * *

“The accessions to the Roman Catholic community, especially in for- mer years, are understood to have been largely from the excommunicated Protestant church-members.” The gospel as preached by the Pro- testaut missionaries by the power of the Almighty Spirit at first took a strong hold of many of the principal chiefs, by whom the government was early converted to a decidedly chris- tian character. Many of these chiefs were burning and shining lights to their people. Among them, Kaahumani and Kapiolani were the most remarkable.

Kalanimoka, whom the natives call- ed "the Iron Cable of their country" was among the early converts. He had been a great warrior, and became still more illustrious as a christian. "Lu him the heathen warrior was seen transformed into the peaceful, joyous christian." "The world" he said, as he drew near death "is full of sorrow, but in heaven there is no sorrow nor pain—it is good, it is bright, it is hap- py." He died of dropsy Feb. 8th 1827. His death was deeply felt by the re- gent Kaahumanu, as she had made hun her right hand counselor a long time.

Adams Kuakini, governor of Ha- waii was admitted to church fellow- ship in 1827, and prince Kekuanaoa and princess Kinau his wife were ad- mitted early the next year. Kinau was a daughter of Kamehameha I.

The illustrious Kaahumanu died June 5th, 1832 being fifty eight years of age. "She possessed great native strength of character, which was en- riched and adorned by grace. From being selfish, proud, haughty, and op- pressive, she became the humble and kind mother of her people. So great was the change in her, that, on visi- ting Hawaii, the natives called her "the new Kaahumanu." * * * *

" Kinen was appointed to succeed her as regent, and the young king, assum- ing his sovereignty in the spring of 1833, made her premier. She was a wise and good counselor. When cer- tain irreligious chiefs, besought the youthful monarch to oppose the new religion, his reply was. "The king- dom of God is strong."

LOCAL.

His Majesty the king commenced his annual visitations of the royal temples in this city on Friday the 16th inst and has been every day al- most exclusively occupied with it. He has visited usually three temples a day and sometimes four.

On Friday the first day, it is said that he was arrayed in his richest state costume, attended by all the insignia of royalty, and being borne in his golden sedan followed by a large and imposing retinue, he pro- ceeded to Wat P'rachetoo p'on, Wat Rajah Boonnah and Wat Soot'at.

On Saturday His Majesty was car- ried in a less imposing style, yet with an august train on a royal sedan to Wat Chakrawat, Wat Samp'ant'a- woug, and Wat P'atoom Koughk'a. In going to the last named temple His Majesty passed through the great Bazar, which had been stripped of all the temporary sheds and market stalls in front of the brick buildings which greatly cramp the street, and the whole extent of it was swept and garnished and enlarged so that one had to reflect a good deal before he could bring his mind to believe that it was the old Bazar street.

On Sunday His Majesty appeared in one of his best royal estates on the river, visiting Wat Rak'ang, Wat Aroonarataraim, and Wat Hong Saram.

On Monday he worshipped and dis- tributed priest's robes in Wat Somlit- tiatweehan, Wat Bawraniwat and Wat Maha Trit'aram being conveyed to them in a royal barge.

On Tuesday His Majesty again pass- ed into canal Bangkok-yâi and visited Wat Nâng, Wat Naug-nawng, Wat Rajah-orot and Wat Rajah-sit.

On Wednesday he visited the tem- ples of the late Somdetch Ong-yur, and Somdetch Ong-yâi and one or two others.

And to-day His Majesty has bowed down to the idol in Wat Kalayâ- nemit in front of our two temples at Bangkok. learn, that he is going to make an un- usually short work of these visitations in the city this year, determining to close it up in two days more, which will make nine days since he commenc- ed it. But he will deputize, we un- derstand, some one or more of the princehood to distribute priests robes in his name in other royal temples in and about the city. We hear that H. E. Chow Phaya Kalahome is soon to leave on this business to the royal temples in the old city.

These royal processions on the riv- er, numbering from one hundred to one hundred and fifty of the finest state barges passing up and down the Menam, are very imposing. The roy- al seat rua pratinany is not far from 200 feet long and six feet wide in the middle, having a very tasty and rich canopy, elegantly draped. It is propelled by 70 or 80 paddlers. The barge carrying the priests robes immediately following, is about the same size and nearly as grand. This is called rua pratinany rawng—-the auxillary royal seat boat. The royal guard barges, numbering from 40 to 60 are of the same general form, and but a little smaller than the royal seat. The barges of the many princes and principal chiefs who follow the king in these processions are all essentially of the same form as that of the king's barge, and are fully manned, each with from 40 to 50 paddlers—-all of each boat being in some kind of uniform with one another, but not so necessa- rily with that of any other boat in the procession. Many of the crews wore white jackets—-some red—-some of ca- lico print—and some wore no garment above the waist.—-Some had fillets on their foreheads, some turbans of yellow red or white, and some had nothing at all on their heads. The men in many of the guard boats wore shirts apparently made in some preceding generation, and great leathern hats equally old. The object of their dis- play, was, we suppose, to keep up a lively remembrance of Old Siam.

We noticed our Harbor Master and Master Attendant, attending His Ma- jesty in these processions, riding in a regular Siamese state barge, arrayed like an English Admiral in his high- est official costume.

The royal brass band, playing Euro- pean airs while the processions are passing on the river and canals, and when His Majesty lands at a temple or departs from it, is to us the only really pleasant and animating thing we see or hear in all this august display. But we failed to notice any improve- ment in the performances of the band from year to year as they appear in these processions. The fault may be partly owing to our own peculiar taste for music. Having a skillful European Master, the band should show some- thing extra on these extraordinary occasions

Now to what purpose is all this ado —this great expense of time and mon- ey every year? It is to sustain and honor the king in his extraordinary efforts to prop up Buddhistical idola- try as long as the power and authority of Siamese kings can make it stand. But the most enlightened of the thou- sands who follow the king in these processions, and thus appear to adhere still firmly to Buddhism, have, we think, made up their minds that the system is a great humbug, and des- tined to flee from before the light of the gospel ere long, as the night flees from before the sun. Others think this a period in the existence of Budd- hism when it must necessarily, accor- ding to the eternal course of nature, decline until it shall become appa- rently extinct in all the universe. But then there is to be a period, billions of ages in the eternity to come, when it will be resurrected; and hence they seem to infer that there is peculiar merit in honoring and sustaining it to its last breath, and then to aid in giv- ing it the most honorable burial.

Since our leading article was put in type, we have been credibly informed, that the canal to T'achorn is now pro- gressing rapidly, that there only re- mains 40 sens, equal to about one mile to be excavated, and that it will be done within another month.

But we are made sorrowful by learn- ing that the land on either side of the canal through its whole extent, which belonged to government, has been taken up by nobles and lords, so that the poor- er classes are quite excluded from ever becoming owners of any of it We had fondly hoped that the common working classes would have been allowed to squat on much of that tract of laud, and to hold it as their own in consi- deration of the annual payment of the usual taxes on paddy fields But no. A capital chance for speculation is be- ing opened by the canal, and monied men have been allowed to close the door against any poor man having any share in it, excepting such as are slaves to them, or beco e their hired ser- vants.

And we furthermore learn, that those nobles and lords have it in their power to dispose as they please of the hopes of having a carriage road on one of the banks of the canal, that the king is not going to insist upon carry- ing out that original plan, and that consequently it will in all probability fall through.

Those powerful lords find that it will be very profitable to have fre- quent openings or ditches from the canal into their paddy fields, which it would be troublesome and expensive to keep well bridged over for a car- riage road, and such a road would make it necessary for them to build fences between it and their rice fields. For such reasons, they seem not to wish for any public road, the canal be- ing all the thoroughfare they need for their business.

And we learn that, even now, they have made a multitude of these ditches, which have been a great em- barrassment to the work of making the canal, as the powerful rains have sent the water in floods into the ca- nal, carrying away the banks, and fil- ling up the channel with mud. It is reported also that no one is empow- ered with sufficient authority to for- bid this conduct of the lords, and that the consequence is, that there is likely to be scarcely a comfortable foot path on either bank.

We hope and trust that it is not true, as reported, that the king is get- ting slack in his old age, and that hence that projected new road is well as many other anticipated im

provements, into come to sought. We hope His Majesty will show that he is still able to govern well his king- dom, and still determined that he will have that road made and many others where most needed.

As we failed to obtain a regular re- port of the arrival of the last Chow Phya, we consequently failed to learn who came as passengers by her, and wholly forgot to enquire until the pa- per was struck off. We would now report that G. W. Virgin Esqr. return- ed from Singapore on the 6th inst., and we are glad to learn that he ap- pears to be much improved in health.

The Siam steamer Chow Phya left the bar on the 12th inst. at 9 A. M. for Singapore. Messrs Harvey, Black and Paine went passengers in her.

The shipping in port is gradually increasing and we may expect soon to see quite a fleet in the river. There is now 53 vessels in the harbor, con- sisting of 8 British, 3 American, 4 Hamburg, 3 Prussian, 3 Dutch, and 30 Siamese vessels. Tonnage, British 2332, American 1973, Hamburg 1520, Prussian 903, Dutch 1285, Siamese 8088. Total 16,100.

Daniel Winsor Esq. Secretary to H. E. Chow Phya Praklang appoin- ted by His Majesty as the bearer of Siamese curiosities to the great Pari- sian Exhibition, took his departure by the last Chow Phya.

We are informed that the king has sent a great variety of things which cannot but be regarded as very curi- ous, in Europe and we know that he would confer a great favor upon all our readers, by allowing us to publish a list of them. We would hereby hum- bly beg His Majesty to do so.

Prices Current.

EXCHANGE—On Hong Kong 30 d. s. at par. On Singapore 10 d. s. 5 p. c. pre- mium.

TONNAGE—Small vessels are wanted for Rice to Hong Kong. We report the following charters since the 25th ulto.

"Cutty Sark," 47½ cents per picul to Hong Kong, 30 cents additional to Ningpo, and if to Ningpo direct, 70 cents.

"Electra" 60 cents P pic. to Ningpo.

"Abbotsford" 60 " "

"Lark" " 60 " "

"Madusa" " 60 " "

"LyeBoMoon" 40 " Hong Kong.

The following have sailed for Hong-

Kong since 24th ulto.

Ham. bark "Martin" with 11871 piculs rice.

Dutch bark "Japara" with 18067 piculs rice, 99 sugar.

Ham. bark "Emeralda" with 7500 piculs rice, 150 sapanwood, 500 green peas.

Siam bark "St Mary" with 69 piculs cardamums, 325 hides, 5070 rice, 1967 paddy, 11 1/2 deer horns, 145 rosewood, 1 1/2 bean cakes, 26 hemp, 218 cotton, 18 teak planks.

British ship "Electra" to Ningpo with 499 piculs pepper, 14664 rice, 67 sapan- wood.

British schooner "Water Lily" for Bombay, with 3375 piculs sugar, 1 silk, 58 teak planks.

The following have sailed for Singapore.

Siam steamer "Chow Phya" with 73 piculs benjamin, 3571 rice, 55 sticklac, 263 peas, 276 salt, 270 saltfish, 3 1/2 ivory.

British bark "John & Mary" with 2562 piculs rice, 124 sapanwood, 164 sugar.

Siam bark "August" with 176 piculs hides, 8313 rice, 53 sapanwood, 95 peas, 47 saltfish, 99 teak planks.

THE WEATHER for the last week has been delightful. "The rain is over and gone," the air cool and invigo- rating, the sky much of the time cloud- less, the moon light evenings the brightest possible, and the coming har- vest was never before excelled.

Queen Emma of the Sandwich Is- lands left New York for San Francisco the 1st of Sept. hastening home on account of hearing of the death of her mother.

The British Association for the ad- vancement of science has predicted an extraordinary shower of meteors to fall ou the night of the 18th inst.

We would call special attention to the address of the Southern Loyalists' Convention at Philadelphia held on the 2d of September last, which we have copied on the first page of this issue. It was a unanimous expression of the views of all the delegates. It strikes us that it contains a fearful amount of stubborn and solemn facts, and far more than corroborates the views which we have occasionally set forth in our columns, concerning Pre- sident Johnson's plan of reconstruction, and his great departure from the many pledges he gave at the begin- ning of his administration. It is just now, unquestionably, one of the most trying times in the States which its friends have ever experienced. But we still have the liveliest hope in God, that he will cause even this to work together for the speedy good of that great Republic.

The present King of Siam,

The government as it has been ad- ministered in Siam has afforded little inducement to enterprise or little stimu- lus to progress, and it has afforded the greatest obstacles to the introduction of purer morals and a holier religion. The whole system has been at antipod- es with the first law of good govern- ment, love thy neighbor and fear to do him wrong. And though we are sure that reform has been instituted, its development will be slow, almost im- perceptible.

The most disheartening feature in the government is, that instead of af- fording protection and stimulus to progress, the legitimate object of law, the people every where meet op- pression, fraud, and intrigue from those who ought to protect and deal justly and uprightly, become reckless in meeting the demands of law, and resort to every variety of evasion. Taxes, sometimes remain unpaid for years. When the culprit is eventually caught and compelled to settle the demands against him, he has nothing to pay, and hence debts.

A debt for taxes unpaid is always considered an unjust demand, to be evaded if possible. Indeed a Siamese always seems to feel that all money which goes to pay a debt is sheer loss, and all obtained on credit pure gain. And the shuffling to escape an honest due, makes the debt and credit sys- tem very precarious, and interest, as a natural consequence astounding, doubling the principal in two years and eight months by law.

When the original debt is once doubled interest ceases. The creditor then demands his money, and if the debtor cannot pay he must be a ser- vant for security, and work without remuneration till such time as he shall meet the full demand. He now has a large debt with no means to liquidate it, unless he has a wife and children to sell and meet the demand, making themselves for debt, till the demands are all cancelled from other sources.

gives his family as slaves for the bor- rowed money, the interest will go on accumulating again, unless his family work and let their services keep down the interest.

According to the usages of the coun- try the services of debtors, or their family, only meet the interest even in small demands. There is no arrange- ment gradually to pay the debt. It is a very disheartening usage, and no wonder the poor people loose all their enterprise, and live from hand to mouth, blessing the moment that they can secure a penny to treat themselves to a present luxury.

The pay and perquisites obtained in all classes and conditions and all kinds of service is small. Officials get small salaries and make it up in bribes. The farmers of revenue find various ways to fill their own pockets, the destruction of the people follow- ing as a consequence notwithstand- ing. Servants are suffered to appro- priate a certain percentage, and allow- ance made for it in rewarding service. A head workman is paid by those under him for securing a place for them, or for securing their merchan- dize, and the victims of the overseer make up the deficit by cheating the master.

A good man might give a servant greater pay to induce him to give up his perquisites, but the servant would be sure that greater pay implied greater service, and feel himself entitled to greater perquisites in proportion. Should the employer rail against the usages of the country, and teach that he would insist on a more equitable arrangement, and give as a reason his disinterested benevolence; the servant would be very slow to believe. For the greatest acts of benevolence, in Siam, are more to accumulate merit to the giver than to do good to the receiver. Disinterested benevolence is quite out of the question, and gratitude need not have a place in the language, for there is no use for it.

But there is nothing that so excites my indignation as the regular legaliz- ed methods of demoralizing children. As I have been writing this article a case has occured in point. A little boy came to us from down the coast of the Gulf. He was out to play and went to the new road to view the wonders. He had been gone a few minutes when he came running to us wanting to bor- row four pennies. Why! what do you want to do? we cautiously asked. Oh I saw them gambling in the street "right out here" and staked and lost four pennies and the man has taken my waistcloth and I want to redeem it. Redeem it! we indignantly exclaimed, and went to demand the cloth. But, argued the man, we pay the king for the privilege. Yes for the privilege of ruining our little boys! Shall we love the Siamese children better than their own king? God forbid that it should long be thus.

Siam is a little country it is true. So was England, and England was once in the sisterhood of nations as in- considerate as Siam is now. This was when the nation sacrificed to false gods. A purer religion and laws based on the teachings of this religion have raised them from their degralation and given them a great name among the nations.

There should be efficient, thorough administration of government—the good of the people sought in all clas- ses and conditions, and the people taught to appreciate law, and be ready to pay liberaly to have it thoroughly executed. Punishment for crime ought to be so administered as to save the culprit, and yet be a preventive to the commission of crime. Offenders should be vigilantly hunted out, and judiciously and efficiently treated that there may be no inducement to sin.

How is punishment administered in Siam? A thief is very sure to escape justice if he shelters himself under the shadow of some powerful man, and divides with him literaly his goods. It is quite impossible to detect a thief. Yet in western countries the most covert sins meet perfectly certain de- velopements. They bring to bear every variety of detectives. It is seemingly impossible to escape the police.

A vigilantly executed government removes all inducements to crime, as the most improved fire-arms remove inducements to war and blood shed. It is hope of escape, it is chances of success which give stimulus to wicked thoughts and wicked passions, and de- luge the world with actions that must make infinite holiness repent that he made men, and lead to terrible retri- butive justice. Hence those that fear God, fear to do evil.

Mr Editor.-—I would like to make the inquiry through your paper when we are to have a Post Office in Bang- kok! Is there another city here in the East where there is as much business done as in Bangkok that has not a Post Office? Certainly there is not.

The way that mail matter is now distributed in this city may be the best under the circumstances, although not satisfactory to all, yet it is certainly a great tax upon the time and patience of those in the Consulate where it is done. The establishment of a P. O. would relieve them as well as insure greater safety and certainty in the de- livery of all mail matter for this place.

It is reported that a mail steamer, which is soon to commence running from Singapore to Saigon, will occa- sionally touch at Bangkok. Now why cannot arrangements be made to have this place included in that route, and a Post Office established here for the better and more satisfactory delivery of the mails? This is certainly a matter that demands immediate attention.

Some months ago the Siamese gov- ernment, much to their praise, pro- posed to take the initiatory steps to establish a postal line between Singa- pore and Bangkok, the capital of their country, with a Post Office at the lat- ter place, and applied to Her Britannic Majesty’s Consul here for counsel and encouragement. But strange to say, and much to the disappointment of many here, he discouraged the pro- posal, and the consequence was, the project was abandoned. He, above all others, it was thought, would have given it his hearty consent and co-oper- ation. If this is an index of his pub- lic spirit of progress and improve- ment, is he a fit representative of the English nation ever marching onward to improvement?

It would naturally be supposed that those coming here from western na- tions, and especially the representatives of treaty powers, who ought to have most influence with the Siamese Gov- ernment would be wide awake to the introduction into this country of all improvements calculated to benefit themselves as well as the nation where they reside. The Siamese are sadly in want of a good postal system through- out their own country. They have now no other means of sending com- munications to any of their provinces than dispatching a special messenger for that purpose. They seem to have no idea of the benefits of a good postal system.

I have no doubt but that the Siam- ese Government will still favor the project, and try to do all they can towards the introduction of so great an improvement into their country, but they must have the co-operation and encouragement of the treaty powers here.

I simply make these inquiries, and throw out these hints in order to direct the attention of those most in- terested to this important matter, and hope that the spirit will again be revi- ved, and something permanently and satisfactorily accomplished.

Bangkok 15th November.

Chinese Litofature.

The date of the invention of paper seems to prove that some of the most important arts connected with the process of civiliz- ation are not extremely ancient in China. In the time of Confucius they wrote on the finely pared bark of the bamboo with a stile; they next used silk and linen, why the character CHY paper is compounded of that for silk. it was not until A. D. 95 that paper was invented. The materials which they use in the manufacture are va- rious. A coarse yellowish paper used for wrapping parcels, is made from rice straw.

The better kinds are composed of the LINER, or inner bark of a species of MORUS, as well as of cotton, but principally of bamboo. As a reading people, the litera- ture of China is, as may be expected, very abundant in quantity, if not superexcellent in quality. The main portion consists of plays, romances, and novels. The general character of these indicates a powerful imagination and a love of the grotesque; but the literary tone is low, and there is little, if any, moral purpose evinced in the development of the plots. The historical literature is highly significant of the na- tional character. There is a continuous history of China from the earliest ages down to the conclusion of the Mongol Tartar dynasty, called “The Twenty-one Historians,” consisting of nearly three hundred of those BROCHURES, or thin vo- lumes, stitched with silk, about ten of which are generally contained in a folding case. Yet we should search in vain in these volumes for anything beyond a bar- ren chronicle of facts and dates. Trains of reasoning and lessons of political phi- losophy can scarcely be looked for in a country, the theory of whose government has always been despotic, however tem- pered by other circumstances. – “Instead of allowing,” observes Mr. Gutalaff, every correctly, "that common mortals had any part in the affair of the world, they speak only of the emperors who then reigned. They represent them as the source from which the whole order of things emanated, and all others as mere puppets, who moved at the pleasure of the autocrat. This is truly Chinese ; the whole nation is repre- sented by the Emperor, and absorbed by him.—EXCHANGE

Alcohol in the Brain.

Not uncommonly we see very promising youths, who have shown great brilliancy of mind, and strength and energy of char- acter, commence drinking (moderately, to be sure) at as early an age as twelve; per- haps they take beer more frequently than anything else, but as they approach man- hood, the character of the mind is changed —they become dull, almost stupid, and have lost all the energy they once showed. Their own hopes, as well as those of their friends, are thus disappointed, for the for- mer integrity of the mind is never regain- ed. I suppose it will be understood, from the remarks made in the early part of what I have said, that alcohol in any form, when taken into the system, goes forward not to assist in nourishment, but to deteri- orate the tissues of the brain, and unfit them for performing their offices in a healthy manner. At the age of from ten to fourteen the brain is fast acquiring the bulk it is ever after to maintain, and with the growth in size there is a corresponding growth in activity and power. If, in this transitional period, we subject it to the influences of so unnecessary an agent as alcohol, we should expect it to be in some way diverted from its natural growth. We may not check its growth in size, but we may diminish its quality, and it may re- semble some fruits in whom the parent plant has been supplied with improper nourishment—the fruit is large and devel- oped, but of a quality too poor for use.— PROF. PHELPS, M. D.

The decoy which makes
Young Men Drunkards.

Go with us to the public house, where a number of young men are assembled. All is life and gayety. A few among them may be young and timid. They approach the counter, and wine, rum, and brandy, are called for. One or two may stand back and say, - No, gentlemen, we do not drink any." Immediately the rest turn and be- gin to taunt their friends who refuse to drink, saying they are afraid of getting ''tight,'' of the ''ol' man;'' and some may whisper audibly, ''Well, they are mean fellows - they are afraid that they will have to spend a cent!'' Here, you see, two very sensitive nerves are touched—Cour- age and Claverness. Their bosoms swell with pride, and rather than bear these stings of their companions, they step up to the counter, and soon join in the revelry. The ice is now broken and the first great act in the drama performed. Others fol- low in natural order, until the individual who refused to drink at first, reels along the public street without shame.

Such is the manner in which thousands of our promising young men are led away by a false ambition; and thousands more will follow in their path, unless they learn the meaning of courage.

We have in our mind a number of no- ble-hearted, good meaning men, who do not possess strength of mind enough to face this opposition. Rather than be call- ed mean, they will follow up these habits of drinking until their appetites become uncontrollable.

PRESIDENT JOHNSON has made another damaging speech (to himself) in which he reviews the course of those opposed to his policy. He has also made a brief response to a colored crowd that was celebrating the Emancipation Act. One thanked him for his promise, when the President re- plied: ''Yes, my man, you will find out in the long run, who is your friend, and I have always tried to be such.'' To this the negro replied: ''Excuse me, Mr. Presi- dent, but I hope you will do a little better by us hereafter than you have been do- ing.'''' Mr. A. H. Stephens has testified before the Reconstruction Committee of Congress ........ He held that the Southern States lost none of their rights by rebel- lion. ''True,'' says the EVENING POST, but the REBELS in them lost all their rights, EXCEPT THE RIGHT TO BE HANG- ED.

THE COMMISSIONER of Customs, a day or two since, received a report from a cus- tom house officer stationed on the St. Lawrence River, to the effect that a party of smugglers had succeeded in laying pipes at the bottom of the St. Lawrence, through which they are engaged in pumping liquor from Canada into the United States.

INVESTIGATIONS into the nature of the potato rot, have brought to light the fact that it is created by insects imperceptible to the eye, but innumerable in quantity, which lay their eggs in the stem and send the virus down to the root. A little black speck, the size of a pin head, under the microscope, turns out to be full two hun- dred ferocious animals of the beetle form and shape. A remedy is said to have been discovered.

To START A HAULEY HOME.—Fill his mouth with dirt or gravel from the road, and he'll go. Now, don't laugh at this, but try it. The plain philosophy of the thing is - it gives him something else to think of. We have seen it tried a hundred times, and it has never failed— Ex.

ONE million tons of coal is given as the annual product of the Chinese mines. The consumption of coal in the Celestial Em- pire is, therefore, one ton to every 406 per- sons.

Prospectus.

The object of the Company and the facilities for its operations are thus brief- ly stated in the prospectus. "It is pro- posed to construct a line of Telegraph by land from Maulmain or some other point in the Tenasserim Provinces where the British Indian line terminates, pass- ing down the Malay Peninsula to Singa- pore, touching at Penang and Malacca. A branch line to be carried from Tavoy to Bangkok, the capital of Siam, and thence (with permission of the French Government) to Saigon in Cochin China. The length of these lines, it is estimated, will be about 2,000 miles. The main line will also be joined with that of the Ne- therlands India Government by means of a cable from Malacca to Bankalis in Sumatra. The Governor General of In- dia in Council is prepared to give every reasonable assistance and facility to the construction of that portion of the line which will pass through British territory, and the Governor General of Nether- lands India has expressed himself in ve- ry favorable terms in regard to the pro- posed junction with the Netherlands In- dia telegraph system. Concessions, for ninety-nine years each, of the exclusive right to carry the lines through their respective territories, have been granted by His Majesty the King of Siam, the Sri Maha Rajah of Johore and the Sul- tan of Sulleugore, and have received the sanction of the Government of India and the approval of the Foreign Office. The protection of the several native Govern- ments has been formally promised in the construction and working of the lines. From enquiries which have been institu- ted, it is believed that the proposed lines from the Tenasserim Provinces to Singa- pore and Bangkok could be erected with- in one year from their being commenced, and from the progress which is being made with the line of the Netherlands India Government through Sumatra, it is expected that it will be completed be- fore the end of 1867, so that there would be no delay in bringing the two lines into conjunction and immediate working.

With regard to the probable usefulness of the line the prospectus continues as follows. "The proposed lines would form important links in the establish- ment of telegraphic communication be- tween Europe, via India, and the Aus- tralian Colonies on the one hand and China on the other. Negotiations have, indeed, been opened with the several Governments of the former, which have promised every assistance and encourage- ment to the extension of the line in that direction. It is believed that the sanc- tion of the King of Cochin China could be obtained to the construction of a line from the Siamese frontier to his capital, Hue, on the Gulf of Tonquin, whence by submarine cable an extension to Hong- kong could be completed with stations at the island of Hainan if thought necess- ary. The advantages of a land over a submarine line of Telegraph are obvious. The much smaller cost of placing such a line, (less by two-thirds) the greater facilities for effecting repairs and their trifling expense as compared with the employment of steamers &c in the case of submarine lines, need scarcely be pointed out, and in fact the cost of erec- ting the 2,000 miles of lines proposed, with all other necessary outlay, is estima- ted not to exceed Fifty pounds per mile By small gratuities to the local chiefs of the districts through which the lines will pass their perfect security may be effect- ually assured, whilst the experience of the persons engaged in laying the Dutch lines through Java and Sumatra, coun- tries in all respects similar to the Malay Peninsula, has shown that there are no great physical difficulties to be overcome and no danger to be dreaded from the hostility of the natives or from the de- structive habits of wild beasts."—The im- portance of the scheme is too modestly put forward here. It is not that a most important link in an ultimate chain of communication to China will have been established; for it is more than probable that both the Russian American wires will have been at work before that by way of British India will have reached even Singapore, or Bangkok. But it is the connection—-the only practicable one—-which this peninsular route will ef- fect between Great Britain and her vast Australasian possessions; besides the im- portant consideration that, whatever other lines of telegraphic communication may extend to China—that proposed by the present Company is the only one that will be independent of American, Russian, and Continental influence. Al- together, the scheme is one which, com- mercially, offers a most promising invest- ment for capital, and the great and polit- ical importance of which it is impossi- ble to over-estimate.—-STRAITS TIMES.

Momentous News From
Affghanistan.

News which we have just received from Affghanistan may throw some light upon the nature of the Russian negotiations which, as we lately stated, are said to be going on at Cabool. A strong re-action is taking place in favor of the deposed Ameer Sher Ali Khan; and a brother of his who was at Tukhtabol, in Turkistan, has induced the troops to throw off their alle- giance to Afzool Khan, and declare in Sher Ali's favour. In consequence of this state of feeling, the old troops are regarded by Afsool Khan with extreme suspicion, and he has been compelled to disband many of them.

A private letter, which we have every reason to consider trustworthy, states that the Ameer is in constant communication with the Russian Envoys who have arrived in Cabool, and that they have arrived at a perfect understanding together. The English Agent is said to have been dis- missed, and to have arrived in Peshawar.

The Russians have taken Samarkand, Shahr Sube, Mery, and Koorchee, and are at present encamped at the last named place which they are fortifying and are preparing to advance. The distance of Koorchee from Bokhara is about forty- four miles. From another source it is re- ported that the Russian Government has collected an army of 200,000 men at Ak Masjid and Vernoe in addition to that engaged against Khokan and Bokhara with the object of conquering the whole of the Provinces of Central Asia and that the Czar would have carried out his schemes of conquest before, but for the Khan Badisha of Khotan having applied to the British Government for aid. They have also in another direction taken two of the cities of Ili from whence they intend sen- ding forces against the Kalmuck Tartars.

The Prussian Future.

It has repeatedly been observed of late years, that the great initiative in European affairs belongs henceforth to Germany. France had its day three quarters of a century ago. England has had hers. Both exercised great influence, and sowed their political ideas and institutions to spring up and flourish here, to be over- grown and to perish there, neither fully prevailing. It was thought that when Napoleon the Third seized the reins of government he would regain for France the great initiative lost in 1810. The French Emperor has been powerful and active, prosperous and victorious. And yet results have not turned out anywhere as he intended. He launched the vessel, but wind and tide were too strong to allow him to hold the helm. And so European changes, although owing their first impulse to him, have still drifted into a state un- foreseen by any. Has Prussia, or have its statesmen, really obtained a firm grasp of the helm? We doubt it much.

It will be said that Germany lost the initiative in 1848; that it achieved its revolution and made its popular voice as well as its caused intellects predominant, without being able to arrive at any result, or lay even the foundations of a politi[?]al edifice. But in 1866 Germany moved not by its own impulse. It merely parodied France's EMPIRE. Its present movement has, no doubt, issued more from the brain of one man than from the nation. Yet still that is a German brain, developing German ideas, and appealing to German sentiments. So much so, that we do not believe it possible or likely that even Bismarck could succeed in introducing in- to Germany a mere second edition of Im- perial France.

Whatever he does must at least be new. A frank and undisguised despotism of Prussia, with the concentration of all power at Berlin, would be hazardous in the extreme. It would be incompatible with the presence or existence of a Ger- man Parliament, in which Prussians pro- per would be in a minority; and to make such an attempt whilst dispensing with a German Parliament would lead to dangers of another kind. We must suppose, then, that a Federal system of some sort will be tried, and that Germans will be tried, and that Germans will attempt something more original and more up to the level of the age than such a resuscitation of medieval barbarism and rapacity as that shown by General Manteuffel at Frankfort.

THE OVERLAND approach to Western China from India through Burmah is a matter that seems to be attracting a great deal of attention at home. We lately mentioned that a deputation, comprising several influential members of parliament and large merchants, had waited on the home government to enforce the advisabil- ity of directing a survey of the country through Burmah to Western China, in or- der to ascertain the most practicable route for a railway. Since then, the Liverpool, and other Chambers of Commerce, have united with that of Manchester in prose- cution of that object, and a formal memor- ial upon it is to be presented to the Sec- retary of state. We sincerely trust that this movement will be regarded favourably by the Derby Ministry, for there can be no doubt that the formal sanction of the British Government, if not actually essen- tial to the success of the enterprise, will greatly facilitate it.—EVENING MAIL

AN EXCHANGE, paper, among other suggestions which will enable a person to avoid the cholera, says: "Endeavor, if possible, to keep a clear conscience, and two or three clean shirts. Rise with the lark, but avoid larks in the evening. Be above ground in all your dwellings, and above board in all your dealings. Love your neighbors as yourself, but don't have too many of them in the same house with you."

DR. NUNNISH, a French surgeon, says the simple elevation of a person's arm will always stop bleeding at the nose. He explains the fact physiologically, and declares it a positive remedy. Another recommends pressing hard on the upper lip. Rapid chewing of any substance is also spoken of as a remedy.

A GENTLEMAN, having occasion to call upon an author, found him in his study writing. He remarked the great heat of the apartment, and said: - "It is as hot as an oven." "So it ought to be," replied the author, "for it's here I make my bread."

THE Birds, of the air die to sustain thee; the beasts of the fields die to nour- ish thee; the fishes of the sea die to feed thee; our stomachs are their common sepulchres, with how many deaths are our poor lives patched up; how full of death is the life of momentary man.—-CHARLES.

“MY DEAR MURPHY.” Said an Irish- man to his friend, “why did you betray the secret I told you?” “Is it betraying you call it ? Sure, when I found I wasn’t able to keep it myself, didn’t I do well to tell it to somebody that could?”

A FRENCH, comic paper, APROPOS of the needle gun, says a weapon has been invented which fires twenty balls a min- ute and has a musical box in the butt, thus doing away with the necessity of regimental bands.

THE EMPEROR NAPOLEON, has just subscribed ten thousand francs towards the erection of a monument to Joan of Arc, and the restoration of the Donjon tower at Rouen where she was tortured.

NATURE—-Bids me love myself, and hate all that hurt me; reason bids me love my friends, and hate those who en- vy me; religion bids me love all and hate none. Nature showeth care, reason wit, religion love. Nature may induce me, reason persuade me, but religion shall rule me. I will hearken to nature in much, to reason in more, to religion in all.—-WARWICK.

THE HOME PAPERS, state, that in addition to providing the finest fleet of transports hitherto built for the convey- ance of troops to and from the East, a commodious hospital will be erected at Suez, for the reception of invalid soldiers requiring rest and medical treatment af- ter the passage from India, and before undertaking the run across the desert; and if, on arriving at Alexandria, any should be found too ill to embark imme- diately, arrangements have already been concluded with the authorities of a for- eign hospital in that city for their re- ception.