The Bangkok Recorder.

A Weekly journal will be issued from the printing office of the American Missionary Association, at the mouth of the Canal, "Klong Bangkok Yai." It will contain such Political, Literary, Scientific, Commercial, and Local Intelligence, as shall render it worthy of the general patronage.

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D. B. BRADLEY, PUBLISHER & PROPRIETOR.

Telegrams.

LONDON, 8TH Nov. (AFTERNOON).— Advices from America state that the democrats have carried the elections in Maryland and Delaware.

The Republicans have been success- ful in New Jersey, and will probably in New York.

Victor Emmanuel has made a public entry into Venice.

LONDON, 9TH Nov. (MORNING).—Ra- dicals carried all elections except in Ma- ryland and Delaware.

Abdication of Maximilian contradict- ed.

Indignation Meetings have been held throughout the United States in conse- quence of the condemnation of Fenians in Canada.

LONDON, 12TH Nov., (MORNING).— General amnesty has been proclaimed in favour of the Cretan insurgents.

The French squadron is preparing for Sea to bring back the troops from Rome.

American debt reduced by twenty mil- lion dollars in October.

General Sherman has gone to Mexico. General Amnesty has been proclaimed in favour of "Britain"—Query Cretan insurgents.

BOMBAY, SATURDAY.—Peninsular and Oriental Company have decided to es- tablish a weekly line of steamers between Bombay and Suez from January next in conjunction with the Calcutta mails.

Summary.

Sir Bartle Frere has been appointed to a seat at the Indian Council. Mr. Seymour Fitzgerald will, probably, be appointed Governor of Bombay.

The national flag was hoisted in Ve- nice on October 19. The utmost en- thusiasm prevailed. The result of the plebiscite will be proclaimed on the 4th November.

The treaty of peace between Prussia and Saxony was signed at Berlin on the 21st of October.

The plebiscitum in Venetia has re- sulted in nearly a unanimous vote.

On October 26, Parliament was form- ally prorogued to the 20th of November.

The cattle plague has almost ceased in England.

The relations between Prussia and the Netherlands are stated to be of a friend- ly character.

It is officially announced that the French troops will have left Rome on Dec. 15.

The municipality of Vienna have re- fused to allow the Jesuits leaving Vene- tia to reside in their city.

A system of extensive robbery of goods has been detected on the Great Eastern Railway.

Cholera still fluctuates in London.

The health of the Emperor of the French is improved.

It is rumoured that negotiations are in progress for a union of the Greek and Roman Churches.

Mr. Disraeli is said to be preparing a comprehensive Reform Bill.

The French troops have begun to leave Vera Cruz.

Reform demonstrations continue to be held indifferent parts of the country.

America.

A death-blow to the policy of Presi- dent Johnson is considered to have been dealt on the 9th of Oct., in the result of the elections for four States determined that day. The republicans carried the Pennsylvania elections, though, by a re- duced majority; Iowa, Ohio, and Indiana have also voted the Republican ticket. Riots occurred at Philadelphia between the Radicals and Democrats during the last canvas, and several persons were wounded.

Even the President himself seems to have relaxed somewhat of the earnestness with which he defends "his policy" of instant and unconditional Southern restoration, and by many indirect ways he has indi- cated that in his Message at the opening of the Congressional Session in December next he will recommend an amendment to the Constitution embodying, though in less objectionable form, the main features of the Radical amendment.

Pennsylvania elected 24 members, Ohio 19, Illinois 11. Other States vote during the coming month, the result being, we are told, certain to be the same. Thus the President will meet a Congress in Decem- ber in which less than a third of each House will belong to his party.

Thursday, the 29th of November, has been proclaimed a day of thanksgiving by President Johnson. The proclamation states in its preamble that:—-

Almighty God, our Heavenly Father, has been pleased to vouchsafe to us as a people another year of that national life which is an indispensable condition of peace, security, and progress. That year, moreover, has been crowned with many peculiar blessings. The civil war that has so recently been among us has not been anywhere reopened. Foreign intervention has ceased to excite alarm or apprehension. Intrusive pestilence has been benignly mitigated. Domestic tranquillity has im- proved; sentiments of conciliation have largely prevailed, and affections of loyalty and patriotism have been widely renewed. Our fields have yielded quite abundantly, our mining industry has been richly re- warded, and we have been allowed to ex- tend our railroad system far into the in- terior recesses of the country, while our commerce has resumed its customary ac- tivity in foreign seas. These great nation- al blessings demand a national acknow- ledgment.

Russia.

The insurgent Caucasian provinces have been disarmed, and the inhabitants of the three neighbouring provinces have like- wise been prohibited from carrying arms.

The Jews here are threatened with a religious propagandism of a terrible kind. An association has been formed, the ob- ject of which is to force the Jewish popul- ation out of a country where they have been established for eight centuries, and to compel them to emigrate to the Cauca- sus or the banks of the Adour. The 'Wil- na Journal' has said openly that the coun- try must be cleansed of this leprosy, and that the Jews must be either converted or exterminated. General Kauffmann, the governor of the province, has directed the municipalities and the head of families to subscribe to this journal; he has farther ordered schoolmasters to read it to the peasantry, in order to prepare their minds for the work of extermination. The society has amongst its members many public functionaries, amongst others the inspec- tor of primary education. The Jews are anxious to lay their case before the gov- ernment of St. Petersburg, which has in many ways improved their position, and which seems to be entirely ignorant of this infamous mode of propagandism. But unfortunately the state of siege prevents them from doing so.

Coming Autumn.

Alas for the summer ! The grass is still verdant on the hills and in the valleys; the foliage of the trees is as dense as ever, and as green; the flowers are abundant along the margin of the river, and in the hedge- rows, and deep among the woods; the days, too, are as fervid as they were a month ago; and yet in every breath of wind and in every beam of sunshine there is an autum- nal influence. I know not how to describe it. Methinks there is a sort of coolness amid all the heat, and a mildness in the brightness of the sunshine. A breeze can not stir, without thrilling me with the breath of autumn, and I behold its pensive glory in the far, golden gleams among the long shadows of the trees. The flowers, even the brightest of them,—the golden- rod and the gorgeous cardinals,—the most glorious flowers of the year,—have thus gen- tle sadness amid their pomp. Pensive au- tumn is expressed in the glow of every one of them. I have felt this influence earlier in some years than others. Sometimes au- tumn may be perceived even in the [..]ly days of July. There is no other feeling like that caused by this faint, doubtful, yet real perception, or rather prophecy, of the year's decay, so deliciously sweet and sad at the same time.—-HAWTHORNE.

A Beautiful Old Age.

God sometime gives to man a guiltless and holy second childhood, in which the soul becomes childlike, not childish, and the faculties, in full fruit and ripeness, are mellow, without decay. This is that thought- ful land of Beulah, where they who have traveled manfully the Christian way, abide awhile to show the world a perfect man- hood. Life with its battles and its sorrows, lies far beyond them; the soul has thrown off its armor, and sits in an evening un- dress of calm and holy leisure. Thrice bles- sed is the family, the neighborhood that numbers among it one of these not yet as- cended saints! Gentle are they and toler- ant, and apt to play with little children; easy to be pleased with pleasure.

More Men Wanted.

The great want of this age is men. Men who are not for sale. Men who are honest, sound from centre to circumference, true to the heart's core. Men who will condemn wrong in friend or foe, in themselves as well as in others. Men whose consciences are steady as the needle to the pole. Men who will stand for the right if the heavens totter and the earth reels. Men who can tell the truth and look the Devil right in the eye. Men that neither brag nor run. Men that neither swagger nor flinch. Men who can have courage without whistling for it, and joy without shouting to bring it. Men in whom the current of everlasting life runs deep and strong. Men careful of God's honor and careless of men's applause. Men who know their duty and do it. Men who know their places and fill it. Men who mind their own business. Men who will not lie. Men who are not too lazy to work, nor too proud to be poor. Men who are willing to eat what they have earn- ed, and wear that they have paid for. Men whose feet are on the everlasting rock. Men who are strong with divine strength, wise with the wisdom that cometh from about, and loving with the love of Christ. Men of God.—TIMES.

An Actor's Advice to a
Clergyman.

The Celebrated Garrick, having been requested by Dr. Stonehouse to favor him with his opinion as to the manner in which a sermon ought to be delivered, the Eng- lish Roscius sent him the following judic- ious answer:—

MY DEAR PUPIL.—You know how you would feel and speak in a parlor concern- ing a friend who was in imminent danger of his life, and with what energetic pathos of diction and countenance you would en- force the observance of that which you real- ly thought would be for his preservation. You would not think of playing the orator, or studying your emphasis, cadence, or ges- ture: you would be yourself; and the in- teresting nature of your subject, impres- sing your heart, would furnish you with the most natural tone of voice, the most proper language, the most engaging fea- ture, and the most suitable and graceful gestures. What you would be in the par- lor, be in the pulpit; and you will not fail to please, to affect, and profit. Adieu, my dear friend.

Civil Worth of the Sabbath.

1. Toil needs it—-to wipe off the grim and sweat of labor, to refresh by change of apparel, to restore and invigorate the body, exhausted by labor; to cultivate the mind by change of current of thought and by this to fit laboring man for the renew- ing toils of the week.

2. Capital needs the Sabbath-—to allevi- ate, by intermission, the care of accum- ulation; to ease the unbending of the strain- ed and exhausted mind; to give a sense of the value of nobler objects than silver and gold; to keep men, humanity and con- ciousness alive; to shield capital from harm by securing the power and triumph of law law order in society.

3. The State needs the Sabbath-—to illu- mine the public conscience (that guardian of the public safety) to cause men to re- cognise the Eternal Lawgiver, as to honor the earthly “powers that be;” to secure the moral atmosphere in a community which is the only support of law.

A Novel Mode of Sueing.

Rev. Samuel Harris was one of the ear- ly Baptist preachers of Virginia whose la- bors were remarkably blessed. The pun- gent truths he preached were so enforced by the tender earnestness of his manner that whole congregations were often mel- ted to tears. The following good story is told of his settling a difficulty with a cross-grain- ed man:

A man owed him a sum of money of which he actually stood in need to defray the expenses of his family. He went to the man and told him he would be very glad if he would discharge the debt he owed him. To which the man replied that he would not pay him the money. Harries said:

“I want the money to buy wheat for my family. You have a good crop by you. I had rather have wheat than money.”

The man answered, “I have other uses for my wheat.”

“How, then,” said Mr. Harriss, “do you intend to pay me!”

“I never intend to pay you until you sue me,” said the debtor.

Mr. Harries left him meditating. “Good God,” said he to himself, “what must I do? Must I leave preaching to attend a lawsuit? Perhaps a thousand souls will perish in the meantime for the want of hearing Jesus. No, I will not. What will you do for your- self? I will sue him at the court of Heav- en.”

Having resolved what to do, he turned aside into a wood and fell upon his knees, and thus began his suit:

“O, blessed Jesus, thou, Eternal God, knowest that I need the money that this man owes me to supply the wants of my family. Dear Jesus, shall I quit thy cause and leave the souls of men to perish? or wilt thou, in mercy, open some other way of relief?”

In this prayer he found such tokens of divine acceptance that, to use his own words, Jesus said unto him, “Harriss, keep on preaching, and I will become security for the payment.”

Mr. H., having the debt thus secured, thought it most proper to give the debtor a discharge. Accordingly he, shortly after passing by to a meeting, carried a receipt in full to the man’s house, and gave it to his servant, desiring him to give it to his master.

On his return by the house after meeting, the man hailed him at his gate and said:

“Mr. H., what did you mean by the re- ceipt you sent me this morning?”

Mr. H. replied:

“I meant just what I wrote.”

“Well, but I have not paid you,” an- swered the debtor.

Harries said, “True; and I know, also, you said you never would, unless the money came at the end of an execution; but sir, I sued you in the court of Heaven, and Je- sus has agreed to pay me. I have there- fore given you a discharge.”

This operated so effectually on the man’s concsience, that, in a few days, he prepared and sent to Mr. H. wheat enough to dis- charge the debt.-—PACIFIC.

The Wigglers

Mr. Carpenter in his reminiscences of Pres. Lincoln tells the following good story:

Upon the appearance of what was known as the `Wade and Davis man- ifesto,' subsequent to his renomination, an intimate friend and supporter, who was very indignant that such a document should have been put forth just before the presidential election, took occasion to animadvert very severely upon the course that prompted it. `It is not worth fretting about,' said the president; `it reminds me of an old acquaintance, who, having a son of a scientific turn, bought him a microscope. The boy went around experimenting with his glass up- on everything that came in his way. One day, at the dinner table, his father took up a piece of cheese. `Don't eat that, father,' said the boy; `it is full of wig- glers.' `My son,' replied the old gentle- man, taking, at the same time, a huge bite, `let 'em wiggle; I can stand it if they can.'

Nearness of Death

When we walk near powerful machi- nery, we know that one simple mis-step, and those mighty engines will tear us to ribbons with their flying wheels, or grind us to powder in their ponderous jaws. So when we are thundering across the land in a railcar, and there is nothing but an inch of iron flange to hold us on the track. So when we are in a ship, and there is nothing but the thickness of a plank between us and eternity. We imagine, then, that we see how close we are to the edge of the precipice.—But we do not see it. Whether on the sea or on the land, the partition that divides us from eternity is something less than an oak plank, or half an inch iron flange. The machinery of life and death is with- in us. The tissues that hold the beating powers in their place are often not thick- er than a sheet of paper, and if that thin partition rupture, it would be the same with us as if a cannon-ball struck us. Death is inseparably bound up with life in the very structure of our bodies. Struggle as he would to widen the space, no man can, at any time, go farther from death than the thickness of a sheet o' paper.

Little Children.

Children are the poetry of the world—- the fresh flowers of our hearts and homes-—little conjurors with their “na- tural magic,” evoking by their spells what delights and enriches all ranks, and equalizes the different classes of society.

Often as they bring with them anxieties and cares, and live to occasion sorrow and grief, we should get on very badly without them. Only think-—if there was never anything anywhere to be seen but grown up men and women, how we should long for the sight of a little child. Every infant comes into the world like a delega- ted prophet, the harbinger and herald of good tidings, whose office is to “turn the hearts of the fathers to the children,” and draw “the disobedient to the just.” A child softens and purifies the heart, warming and melting it by its gentle presence; it enriches the soul by new feelings, and awakens within it what is favorable to virtue. It is a beam of light, a fountain of love, a teacher whose lessons few can resist.

Our Mistakes About
Each Other.

Not one man in ten thousand sees those with whom he associates as they really are. If the prayer of Burns were really granted, and we could all see our- selves as others see us, our self-estimates would, in all probability, be much more erroneous than they are now. The truth is, that we regard each other through a variety of lenses, not one of which is correct. Passion and prejudice, love and hate, benevolence and envy, spectacle our eyes and utterly prevent us from ob- serving accurately. We habitually un- dervalue each other, and in estimating character the shrewdest of us only now and then make due appraisal of the vir- tues and defects of even our closest inti- mates.

It is not just or fair to look at charac- ter from a stand point of one's own se- lection. A man's profile may be unpre- possessing and yet his full face agree- able. We once saw a young man, whose timidity was a standing joke with his companions, leap into the river and save a boy from drowning, while his comrades stood panic stricken on the bank. The merchant who gives curt answers in the counting room, may be a tender hearted husband and father, and kind helper of the desolate and oppressed. On the other hand, your good humored person, who is all smiles and sunshine in public, may carry something as hard as a nether mill- stone in the place where his heart ought to be.

Such anomalies are common. There is this comfort, however, for those whose misjudgment of their fellow mortals leans to the kindly side—such mistakes go to their credit in the great account. He who thinks better of his neighbors than they deserve, cannot be a bad man, for the standard by which his judgment is guided is the goodness of his own heart. It is only the base who believe all men base—or in other words, like themselves. Few however, are all evil. Even Nero did a good turn to somebody, for when Rome was rejoicing over his death, some loving hand covered his grave with flowers.

Public men are seldom or never fairly judged—at least while living. However pure, they cannot escape calumny. How- ever corrupt, they are sure to find eulo- gists. History may do them justice; but they rarely get it while living, either from friend or foe.

CONDEMN no man for not thinking as you think. Let every one enjoy the full and free liberty of thinking for himself. Let every one use his own judgment, since every man must give an account of himself to God. Abhor any approach, in any kind and degree, to the spirit of persecution. If you can not reason or persuade a man into the truth, never at- tempt to force him into it. If love will not compel him, leave him to God, the Judge of all.

KIND words are looked upon like jew- els on the breast, never to be forgotten, and perhaps, to cheer by their memory a long, sad life; while words of cruelty, or carelessness, are like swords in the bo- som, wounding, and leaving scars which will be borne to the grave by their vic- tim. Do you think there is any bruised heart which bears the mark of such a wound from you? If there is a living one which you have wounded, hasten to heal it; for life is short—to-morrow may be too late.

HUMAN doctrines cannot cure wounds in conscience. The remedy is too weak for the disease. Conscience, like the vul- ture of Prometheus, will still lie gnawing. Notwithstanding all that such doctrines can do.

Bangkok Recorder.

The recent out break.

The rumor we published in our last issue concerning Monsieur Auba- ret the French Consul we are sorry to say appears on further inquiry to be but too true. We learn from many witnesses of the most reliable charac- ter that on Friday the 14th inst. His Majesty the king gave out word that he would in the p. m. at such an hour meet his court and people on the pa- rade ground outside of the eastern gate of the Royal palace and proceed to a temple near by. M. Lamache who has the command of the royal regiment hearing of this, called for a special drill of his men for the occasion. M. Aubaret seems to have been informed of the purposes of the king, and con- sequently happened to be there in good time to have an informal inter- view with His Majesty. The royal corps of two or three hundred soldiers were there in their best uniform and finely paraded. M. Aubaret was invi- ted by their Captain to wait a little as His Majesty would certainly be out in a few minutes. And so it was. His Majesty, it is said, was surprised to see the French Consul there, and said to him, why have you come? The latter replied that he had no particular bu- siness, and had only come on a plea- sure stroll. But that after a few pre- liminaries he, taking a paper out of his pocket, and handing it to His Ma- jesty, began to speak disparagingly of H. E. the Prime Minister, saying in substance, that the French and Siam- ese nations could never hope to enjoy any peace so long as H. E. was allow- ed to hold the place he does, and that he must be humbled or the most seri- ous consequences would be the result. Some say that M. Aubaret even had the impudence to propose that he him- self be allowed to nominate a succes- sor of the Prime Minister.

We would not be understood to af- firm that such were the exact words reported to us of the affair, but simply the spirit of them. Indeed we now aim to give as mild a view of it as possible consistent with faithfulness as public recorders. Many persons comprising princes, nobles, lords and people have told us in substance not only what we have above reported, but also that His Majesty felt himself highly insulted by that audacious dic- tation from the French Consul, and bade him depart from him - that the latter, then extending his hand to the king with the view to give him a par- ting blessing, was refused; and then turning to His Majesty's children, wishing to shake hands with each, met with the same rebuff, coupled with cutting words of indignation.

We are moreover credibly inform- ed that that interview created a great panic, and that the king's attendants fearing there might be a development on the spot of something far more se- rious, manifested it by many unmis- takable signs which need not be nam- ed. The French Consul it is said then went off alone in the direction of the palace of the late second king, holding his hat in his hand, evidently in deep thought, and presently turned about and retraced his steps. But ere he had come opposite the palace gate His Majesty had passed within, and the gate was shut, and all his attendants had significantly dispersed excepting the regiment and their commander.

And now, strange to say, M. Aubaret has, since that unquestionable pub- lic out-break, been making most ex- traordinary efforts to frighten the Siamese government with the charge of having authorized the publication of that article on the subject in our last issue. He has utterly refused to take the government's denial of the charge, and has demanded that an official inquiry be made of us whether the government did or did not furnish the information or in some way auth- orize its publication. We have conse- quently been honored with an official letter from the U. S. Consul asking but one question and that on that one point. Our reply was promptly and truthfully in the negative and added in substance that while we obtained our information wholly from unofficial sources, we could have but little doubt that it was substantially correct.

This letter was received and answer- ed on the 20th inst. What has since taken place with regard to the matter we know not.

In view of what M. Aubaret has already done we should not be much surprised to learn that he will take this occasion to "move heaven and earth" as it were to make it appear that His Majesty has in this affair in- sulted the Emperor of the French, and that it is a substantial casus belli—- that a French army must be ordered forthwith to put H. E. the Prime Min- ister out of the way and thus remove every serious obstacle in the way of French domination in Siam. Why the demand he made in that interview with the king appears to us tantamount to that of requiring him to cut off the right arm of the government-—to pluck out its right eye and stop both its ears; And how preposterous the thought that such matters shall not be published in this city without license from the French consul.

The inquiry is of course in every man's mouth-—Is it possible that the Emperor of the French has in any way emboldened his consul to take the steps he has? And will he sustain him in what he has now done? We are not able as yet to bring our minds to an affirmative view of these queries. We fondly and confidently hope that M. Aubaret will soon learn that the Emperor and his ministers have quite too much sense of propriety and justice to allow him to proceed further in such outrages.

A glide up the Broadway
of Bangkok.

As you glide up the noble Menam, approaching the city, being yet a mile below the stone pillar which is the southern boundary of the suburbs, you will see on your left hand a whitish building four stories high, of commanding appearance among hum- bler godowns and dwellings. This is the Am. Steam Rice Mill, the mother of all the others in Bangkok. It is now, however, loosing its right to the distinctive name, inasmuch as but a small part of it is owned by Ameri- cans, and the larger part by natives. It has every appearance of being a stirring place. Several ships or ves- sels of other rig are usually seen near by waiting to be loaded with rice; and a multitude of country boats, with round covers of bamboo wattling, are moored along the shore, waiting their turns to discharge paddy in the mill.

A few rods ashore, on the adjoin- ing lot you will observe two large, two storied brick houses, plastered externally as well as within, having hip-roofs covered with red earthen tiles, the one standing ten rods from the river, the other twenty, looking cheeringly by their spacious verandahs and inviting you to call in. This is the Bangkok station of Am. Presby- terian Mission. On the upper and outer corner near the bank of the river stands a small brick chapel, white by the external plastering, with green window shutters, and an invit- ing porch. A small belfry, and bell give it quite a homelike appearance. The mission premises have a very rural aspect with the tall durian, maprang, satawn, bamboo trees, etc. on an acre or more of land but little cultivated for a front, and a forest of fruit trees in the rear. It is a fine location for their mission school, which has been in successful operation for a period of six or eight years. This place is a little more than four miles below the kings palace.

On the opposite side of the river, which is there more than one hund- red yards wide and many fathoms deep, you will observe a spacious brick mansion of two stories, with a hip-roof of earthen tiles, plastered externally like all brick buildings in this country, standing quite alone in a forest of trees, most of them fruit- bearing and of the richest and un- withering foliage. It was built by J. H. Chandler Esq. some six years since and occupied by him till about nine months since, when it was sold to R. S. Scott & Co. It has been unoccu- pied many months, and consequently is now looking quite desolate.

Looking up the river on the same side about a quarter of a mile you will see the Clyde Dock yard of Dan- iel Maclean & Co. The buildings are all of an humble order, of unpain- ted wood, thatched with attap-palm leaves and consequently the whole establishment is now looking much weather-beaten. It is a place usually of much business in its line, and many new vessels of small tonnage have been launched from its front within the last six years. Between it and the Chandler-Mansion is a small Buddhist Temple scarcely to be seen in the Jungle of trees.

Passing eight or ten rods above the Dockyard, you will come to another Steam Rice Mill, having equally a business appearance with the one be- fore named. The principal building is of four stories entirely enclosed and covered with zinc sheets or sheet iron painted white. It belongs to The Bangkok Rice Mill Co. of which the Borneo Company and A.M. Odman are the resident partners.

Some twenty or thirty rods still further up, on the same side you will come to a Steam Saw Mill, erected two or three years since by D. Maclean Esq. and is owned, at the present time, if we mistake not, by himself alone. He has made great use of the mill in connection with his Dock-yard, and it contrasts splendidly with the native sawmills where all the work is done by hand. It is passing strange that native capitalists, seeing its operations do not become disgusted with their hand-mills, and will still hold on most tenaciously to pulling their saws through immense teak logs "by the sweat of their brows" which is crush- ing to the spirit of even a spectator.

Adjoining this Saw mill on the north side, is a Buddhist temple, rather hidden from the river view by trees of many varieties among which are several tall spruce and fir trees. The establishment evinces that it has had much money expended on it, and is still well cared for. The river bank in front is neatly diked with two or more flights of steps passing up into the temple court. Next above this is another temple of more humble appearance in a jungle of trees and but poorly at- tended to.

Gliding up a few rods further you will find yourself opposite the Protes- tant cemetery on your right hand, which is very suitably located in a re- tired place, and sparsely studded with tall fruit trees. Its front has, till lat- terly, been quite neat and tidy, with a broad flight of easy steps going up into an unassuming sala. But now the dike, having been broken down by the river cutting away the bank, it has, we are sorry to say, a shabby look.

The shore on your left hand from the Presbyterian Mission to some distance above, is chiefly occupied by orchards of cocoanut and betel trees, durian and tamarind and many other kinds of tall fruit trees, thickly set, without order, interspersed with bananas etc. Here and there you will see a farm-house near the river, enclosed with teak-wood, usually thatched with attap leaves, but rarely covered with earthen tiles. As they are never painted, they always have a deeply weather-beaten appearance. You will see three or four small floating houses far separated from each other, moored a little distance from the river's bank. These like pickets are sent out, as it were, to feel the way for an unbroken phalanx of them to come down erelong and occupy that part of the suburbs.

Gliding up a quarter of a mile fur- ther and you will come to another Steam Rice Mill, belonging to Mes- srs A. Markwald & Co. It figures well as such, and is doing nearly if not fully as much business as either of its three predecessors.

Immediately adjoining this on the next lot above is the new Steam Rice Mill erected by R. S. Scott & Co. but sold last week to Phya Buroot a Siam- ese nobleman. It is a more tidy and snug looking affair than either of the others, and is thought to be indeed a little improvement in its internal ar- rangements. But as it has been only recently finished, it does not as yet command much business. How it will be conducted by the natives we know not; but think it not improbable that it will develop much Siamese skill and power, as this people are quick to learn and occasionally good to work.

Passing up some fifteen or twenty rods further, you will be opposite the establishment of Messrs. Pickenpack Thies & Co. on your right hand. It consists 1st of a roomy but very plain wooden house, unpainted, and with at- tap thatching near the river;—2nd A spacious brick dwelling, now the Am- erican Consulate, a little retired from the bank, with a beautiful door yard decked with flowering and never with- ering shade trees, with a landing neat- ly diked; and 3rd—A large brick go- down covered with corrugated iron.

Adjoining these on the north is the establishment of Borneo Company "Limited" consisting mainly of large brick godowns with a substantial Of- fice of two stories attached to the front and of the same, and a spacious wood- en dwelling with a hip-roof thatched with attap. Their place is also thoroughly diked, presenting an even bank, and has several flights of steps passing up to a charming lawn in front of the dwelling.

You are now just within the city suburbs as the granite pillar forming the southern boundary stands on the upper corner of the lot of Messrs. Pic- kenpack Thies & Co. Its distance from the lower Rice Mills is just one mile, and about half a mile below the British Consulate, situated on the same side of the river.

On the other side of the river oppo- site to where you have arrived is a very neat and unassuming Buddhist temple, which as usual for nearly all temples, is much hidden by shade trees in front with a back ground of a forest fruit trees in almost all the wildness of na- ture. And all these like a vast majo- rity of the trees of this exhuberant valley, are ever densely attired with the richest foliage.

We hope to conduct you up to the Royal palace on another occasion, and will now stop in front of the Protes- tant Church on the east side of the ri- ver, the next lot above the premises of Borneo Company "Limited." And this by the by is a very suitable place for us to stop at, especially on the Lord's day. Would that all European and American christians, merely nomi- nal as well as professing, were of the same opinion. The church edifice looks charmingly out on the river and seems to say "come in hither." "Ho every one that thirsteth come ye to the wa- ters." The edifice is of the most solid brick walls, with a porch supported by five massive pillars of the same mate- rial and the whole plastered within and without with the whitest lime. The roof is covered with the usual earthen tiles of the country which always look neatly. There is a pleasant front yard to the church adorned with "never withered flowers" of many kinds, fit emblems of heavenly sweetness and purity. The church will seat very comfortably about two hundred adults and by some extra arrangements dou- ble that number. We will now close by saying to our local readers, please invite all your friends to "come and see."

Shan Land-Sketches

Water does a great deal for Shan- land. There is the Gulf at its base, washing along its coasts at both sides, and the beautiful rivers intersected with canals bring water in abundance to almost every man's door. What would the people do without these es- sentials to good looks, good health and general comfort!

In all my travels here, I have al- most uniformly, been led to admire the abundant facilities for cleanliness and comfort, from the great water privileges. There seems one excep- tion, and I am sure it arises more from a want of a little energy and effort than anything else. I refer to Anghin and other towns in this vicinity. Of all Shanland I like the eastern coast the best of all, if it had good advantages for fresh water. The sea rolls before it, and it has a fine sandy beach and lays well to receive the sea breezes of both monsoons.

I do not see why there might not be a good road from the Bangpakong river, a “little far up” somewhere in the vicinity of the first town, running down the coast till obstructed by towering mountains, and then a good canal could be dug beside it, supply- ing fresh water from the great river. Thus the desideratum, would be se- cured, and the coast become suscep- table of a large population with better facilities for business than any other part of the country, and affording most magnificent residencies for a foreign community.

The mountains of Bangplasoi in juxta position with Anghin would quite vie with the celebrated San- itarium of the East, Penang. Ship- ping lays at a convenient distance, and no obstructing bar would prove a hindrance to ready ingress or egress to the convenient shipping, and a bet- ter harbor could not be found any- where. The Gulf itself is quite safe, the whole year round, at the present anchorage. Shipping may there lay in quiet security, and have no fear of ill. And there is sea room adequate to ac-

commodate shipping to its greatest demands.

Why need all produce go to Bang- kok, to be received and discharged? If the number of ports were increased the country would awake to produc- tion, that the demand might be met. And if taxes were paid in the vicinity of the production, and a portion ex- pended to improve the country, and increase its internal facilities for com- merce and general trade, a new stimu- lus would be created to nerve the people to effort, and thus labor and reward move on hand in hand.

Onward let the car of enterprise take its course. Let each give the wheel an impetus, and all a cheer, as they see it move in the path of pro- gress. He that produces, acts with God, creating for his men. Let every man and every child emulate in the noble enterprise. Ask what you've made when the day is done, and call that day lost you've done no good to live, and be a part of coming good, you purpose still to do.

Were the policy of the country for progress, to its greatest susceptibility, we should soon see the country open up everywhere. In our day perhaps there might be ports at the mouths of all the great rivers communicating with the sea. The business mart for the river where the capital is located would be further down nearer the sea, and the whole policy might be a la- bor saving policy, the creating a great amount with the least expense.

Bangkok is the capital, and as such should be a sort of Athens, where the literati clustered, where wisdom and knowledge, in every department were sought and disbursed in laws and science and literature and religion. We should expect governors and law- yers and doctors and judges and teachers of all departments, to get a great stimulus from the capital. Here would essentially be the place to make books, issue newspapers, establish col- leges, found seminaries and universi- ties, and prepare teachers and preach- ers to go to remote parts and estab- lish new centres to induce like cul- ture and impulse and progress.

The people of Siam and are awake to some 'extent as to their physical advantages. Let all strive to help de- velop them, and thus there will be investments for funds, that will be of permanent benefit to the country. Roads and canals cannot run away, or be burned up, and if well located they cannot fail to make property very remunerative. The king might take the American plan, give stock- holders, every alternate lot; to pay for making highways, and both king and people be made rich by the measure. And if the people were allowed to expend taxes, in a fair proportion where taxes were levied, where the country needed improving and de- veloping, the people would at once awake to internal improvements and think and execute for themselves with great facility, what is now done by the king, with a deal of trouble and expense.

If the people were allowed to take the work into their own hands, the king only protecting from oppression and giving encouragement to progress in every department, that was for the benefit and progress of the country, the whole country would immediately be a bee-hive, and every individual a bee, busy in some department, that was to tell in a needed future.

Show "for the day" would be hooted from the list of things ap- proved, and permanent real substantial good alone be taken into account. What does the health of the body and the health of the soul require? This would be the proposition to test every enterprise, and as it contributed more or less to this great good, so would its value be rated.

FOR THE BANGKOK RECORDER.

MR. EDITOR-—It is rumored that you have been called upon officially to render an account for an article in your last issue over the signature Com. Now Sir, His Majesty the King of Siam is a public man and his Prime Minister of no private reputa- tion. And if a consul makes his ap- proaches in a public assembly deman- ding of the one a political decapita- tion of the other, will it not be com- municated? Why the wonder is that your sheet was not filled with com- munications from every consul and every other official in the city. What! His most esteemed Majesty, noted for his liberal policy, now in treaty with all the great western powers, be ordered, or even requested, to degrade his Prime Minister, a man famed the world over for his love of progress in all the improvements of high civiliza- tion, the main pillar of His Majesty's government, and not produce a sen- sation! Was it strange that those who witnessed their much esteemed king and their universally beloved princes and princesses withdrawing from the scene in indignation, and shutting the palace gates after them, should tell the tale!

Remove the Prime Minister! Why the mere suggestion is like an earth- quake shaking the very foundations of the kingdom.

The compliment unintentionally paid the Prime Minister by that order or request of the French Consul was such as to secure him everlasting esteem by His Majesty, as a man not to be swer- ved from the interest of his own govern- ment on any consideration by, what government soever sustained. Does not the scene referred to give us an insight into the stability of this govern- ment which a dozen volumes could not! In all the changes through which the government and the country are passing into a higher state of civi- lisation, His Majesty and his Prime Minister stand shoulder to shoulder and heart to heart in encouraging im- provements and resisting unlawful ag- gression. What was it produced the recent outbreak but a demand on the part of the French Consul for a change in the Cambodian Treaty in favor of the French and detrimental to the Siamese, to which the Prime Minister would not yield?

Now Sir, as your little sheet is the only organ of this city through which such startling facts can come before the public, you may thank "your stars" that you have not been buried in communications.

LOCAL.

The steamer Chow Phya left Singa- pore on the evening of the 13th inst, with strong N. E. wind and fine weather. In the Gulf strong northly winds with hazy weather. Arrived at the bar on Tuesday the 18th inst. crossed the bar in the night, and arrived at Bangkok on Wednesday morning.

Passengers per Chow Phya. Messrs Archibald, Kennedy, Jullian, and Forester.

CORRECTION.— We are happy to re- port that the Levee given by the Siamese government in honor of the Captain and officers of H. B. M.’s War steamer, the “Pearl” did not take place on the Lord’s-day as was reported to us, but on Saturday even- ing of the 15th inst. the day previous. The notice we gave of it in our pre- vious issue was grounded upon what we regarded correct information. Our in- formant made a mistake only in the day, and that was one of no small moment.

Rev. S. R. House M. D. and wife return- ed to this city on the evening of the 16th inst, having been absent from his field of missionary labor nearly three years. He left N. York on the 21st of August, coming via California to Hongkong, and from thence direct to Bangkok in the Bark “Capsing Moon.” The Doctor’s health was greatly impaired much of the time while in the U. States and consequen- tly remained away from his chosen work longer than originally intended. But when he found himself really restored to good health, he deter- mined at once to hasten back at his own expense, and resume his long ac- customed services as a missionary of the gospel to the Siamese. He and his wife meet with the most cordial welcome by not only the Foreign re- sidents acquainted with them but Siamese princes, nobles, priests and people innumerable. We are glad to see them both looking so well as if their youth had been “renewed like the eagles.”

We are very sorry to learn that R. S. Scott Esq. was arrested by order of the British Consul on the 16th inst, and confined in the gaol of the Consulate, to make sure of his ap- pearance at court in Singapore about the 9th of January next, in the famous suit touching the loss of the Schooner “Erin.” We are informed that Mr. Scott has offered heavy bands for his appearanee at court but that they have been refused. This, we must say has a severe look on its face, and we fear may prove to be so at heart.

We are authorized to inform the pub- lic that the A. I. Steamer "Japan" of 480 tons carrying capacity, may be expected to arrive about the middle of January 1867, for the purpose of carrying freight and passengers to Singapore. And should sufficient in- ducement offer, it is contemplated to run this Steamer and the "Mona" alternately once a month.

NOTICE.

We beg leave again to put our local readers in remembrance of the meet- ing of the BANGKOK BAZAR ASSOCIATION of ladies to be held at the Prot. Church on Monday the 24th inst. from 2o'clock p. m. to 6 o'clock.

Ironclads and the New
Woolwich Gun.

That the strongest ironclad afloat might be sent to the bottom as easily as a wooden frigate is now a fact about which it is hardly possible to entertain a doubt. A target with greater resisting powers than the broadside of any iron- cased frigate or the turret of any Moni- tor has been completely smashed by a particular kind of shot fired from a par- ticular kind of gun, and that gun and that shot are of British make and inven- tion. It is of equal importance to ob- serve that the gun which has proved so irresistible is not a piece of any pro- digious calibre or impracticable weight, but only such a gun as could be carried and worked in a ship's broadside. Whereas, too, it is scarcely credible that any ship could be sent to sea with thick- er or more ponderous armour than was represented in the target demolished, it is very credible indeed that the calibre, charge, and power of the gun might be increased, so that the essential question between ships and guns may be regarded as settled. That is the conclusion forced upon us by the results of the remarkable experiments just reported from Shoebury- ness.

The target exposed to fire on this oc- casion was built up of 18 inches of teak, and this compact mass of woodwork was covered in front with solid plates of rol- led iron eight inches thick, and streng- thened at the back by an inner skin of iron three quarters of an inch thick. Al- together, therefore, this imaginary ship's broadside was about two feet three inches in thickness—that is, about as thick as the wall of an old Norman castle, while the materials were hard teak and solid iron, instead of ashlar and rubble. If castles, in fact, had been built in such a fashion, they would have remained up to our own day as impregnable to artillery as they originally were to bows and ar- rows. Nevertheless, when a gun des- cribed as the “nine-inch muzzle-loading wrought-iron Woolwich rifle gun,” was trained against this target, and fired with a charge of 43lb. of powder and a 250lb. shell of Major Palliser's chilled metal, the effect was decisive. The projectile, we are told, “went clean through every- thing, plate, backing, and inner skin, and lodged itself, after exploding in some timber, about 20 feet behind the target. “Anything more crushing,” it is added, “than the shock of this missile it would be difficult to conceive, for it struck full upon one of the vertical parts of the target, and tore its way through as if only opposed by a timber screen.” A repetition of the experiment did but con- firm the results, and the main fact, there- fore, is placed beyond reach of doubt.

One or two reservations should, it is true, be put upon record. These effects were produced under conditions excep- tionally favourable to the gun, which was fired at a comparatively short range, and against an immovable target struck at right angles. It is obvious that such conditions could not always be anticipated in an action between ships carefully manœuvred, though an English captain would probably ask for nothing more than equality of speed to give him all necessary opportunity for the practice of his guns. Still it must be noticed that when the target was inclined at an angle to the line of fire the projectiles did fail to penetrate it. They tore tremendous holes in the plating, and one of them ac- tually got in to a depth of 12½ inches, but they never went quite through. We should also observe that Mr. Chalmers, the inventor of a very celebrated target, claims to be able still to construct a block of wood and iron which shall be impreg- nable to shot, but practically the case stands as we describe it. Now, as no ironclad afloat carries solid armour of eight inches in thickness; and as the composite or laminated armour of the American turrets, formed of single-inch plates screwed one upon another, will bear no comparison with solid metal, it follows, as we have said, that the armour of any fighting ship at present known might be completely demolished by a 250, pounder gun. The deductions na- turally flowing from the conclusion are important in the extreme.

In the first place, if we are to accept these facts as permanently established, we may dismiss the question of monster cannon from our minds. A gun which will sink any enemy is quite big enough, and nothing would be gained by a big- ger one. The hole made in the Shoebury target by a nine-inch Palliser shell was large enough to settle the fate of any vessel afloat. If the Americans prefer 15-inch or 20-inch shot, they have a right to their choice, but it is obvious that this weight of metal and calibre of ordnance represent so much superfluity, if the required work can be performed by a nine-inch gun with equal effect. And this again relieves us of another dif- ficulty. We shall be no longer under the necessity of building turret ships. In so far as a turret vessel represents any other advantages of model, the device may still be a serviceable one, but as regards the peculiar capacity of the tur- rets for carrying enormous guns, the re- commendation will of course disappear when enormous guns are no longer re- quired. As far as we can now see, the biggest guns wanted for sea service can be carried easily in broadside, and con- sequently a broadside vessel is just as good as ever. We might almost say, af- ter what has thus been proved, that the value of an ironclad as a fighting vessel has vanished. When ship's armour was first introduced it rendered ships im- pregnable, and hence its importance. But now that the cannon of that day are to be superseded by the Woolwich gun of the present the armour confers no such security, and so its importance is lost. When we read that the sides of the Warrior are simply as vulnerable as so much basket work it seems impossible to regard the Warrior as more of a man- of-war than a stout old frigate. This, of course, would be an extreme conclusion. The Warrior's armour would protect her up to a certain point, and insure her a proportionate superiority, nor is it a slight advantage for a ship to be invul- nerable except under peculiar conditions of attack. Still the broad fact remains that an ironclad is as helpless as any wooden corvette against a certain gun which every British ship ought to carry. Presuming ironclads and wooden ships to be thus placed upon an equality of hopelessness before modern artillery, may we not reconsider our opinions a- bout the worthlessness of our old wood- en navy? That navy comprises vessels by the score which, if wood is as good as iron, are still the most magnificent ships in the world, and is not wood as good as iron if one material is just as strong, or as weak, as the other? In this case our old superiority as a maritime Power would be suddenly restored.-—MAULMAIN ADVERTISER.

China.

THE PIRATE identified as one of the party who boarded the American schooner Lubra and was present when the Captain was murdered has been sentenced to death, as also another scoundrel who was found guilty of mur- dering or assisting at the murder of an entire family near Sowke-wan

The Corea.

A strange piece of news has just reached us. It appears that off Wusung the H. I. M. steamer DUPLEIX full in with part of the French squadron de- tached to Corea, viz. the Primaguet and three others, which reported that the expedition had sustained a severe repulse at the hands of the Coreans on its attacking Saoui, forty men having been killed and wounded on the side of the French. One gunboat got ashore in the river, owing to the tremendous fall of the tide, which is stated at about 42 feet, she was for some time left 30 feet out of water on a flat rock! For- tunately she was eventually got off. The French Admiral in the Laplace, and the remainder of the squadron con- sisting of the Guerriere, Kenshan, and others had gone to Yokohama.

Naturally enough a question may be asked as to the real cause of the mur- der of the whole crew of the unfortu- nate schooner, Gen. Sherman and the answer is that it was a simple bravado of the Coreans, treating with defiance a secret despatch from the Peking Gov- ernment, with reference to their im- prudence of action as regards Europeans and warning them at the same time to avoid getting into any difficulties with him. This dispatch was received in the Corea on 15th August. The Regent in- stigated by his ministers, replied that it was not the first instance that the Co- reans had put Europeans to death, that China was not to meddle in the matter, and that what the Coreans had done be- fore they would continue doing! The text of both documents was widely circu- lated throughout the Corea. We had them ourselves, but we overlooked, in the hurry of getting away, to keep them.

After the disaster to the unfortunate crew of the schooner, the Koreans vis- ited two Chinese Junks, and searched them thoroughly, expecting to meet with some more Europeans secreted on board, not finding them, however, and under the pretence that the junks were carrying on contraband trade, because some shirtings, contraband articles, were found on board, they put both crews to death."

The French and the Corea.

It will be remembered that we re- cently expressed our opinion that the French were hardly aware of the na- ture of the people whom they were about to chastise and mentioned the anxiety evinced by the Koreans to be- come possessed of European scientific apparatus. We now lean that the Co- reans are reported to have been well provided with arms of all kinds—- rifled cannon, revolving carbines and as some assert, needle guns! Nothing could have been more unpropitious for the prestige of European arms in China than the defeat of a French squadron by a people whom the Chin- ese look upon as their inferiors and who pay annual tribute to China. By the way, how is it that nothing has been heard of the United States offi- cials in connexion with the burning of the General Sherman? If they re- frain from action it will be as disgrace- ful as the apparent apathy of our own representative, who appears to have as yet taken no steps in reference to the decapitation of the unfortunate Mr. Thomas and his companion by the Koreans. Are the French to have the honor and glory of a repulse all to themselves?

Ruined Temples of Cambodia

In the Geographical Section of the British Association, Mr. Thomson read a paper describing a visit which he made in January last to the ruined temples of Cambodia, in or adjoining Siam. The once extensive and powerful kingdom of Cambodia, or Khamain, is situate in the tropics between Siam and Cochin China, from its southern extremity in the Gulf of Siam extends upwards of between fourteen and fifteen degrees of North latitude, and from one hundred and three to one hundred and six and one hundred and seven degrees East long- itude. The author left Bangkok on the 27th of January last, the course of the journey lying along the Klong Koot Mia creek. On the 29th the party reached Pachin, which is situate about sixty miles north-east of Bangkok, being the first place of importance on the route. At length the party reached Cambodia, the ruins of which are described as follows:- The first trace of the ruins of Cambodia are situated on the left bank of the river, and consist of a rectangular mound, in the centre of which are to be found among the sculptured remains the frag- ments of two exquisitely finished stone statues. Having crossed the head of the great lake and ascended a small stream, we were conducted on elephants to Siam-rap, in which the ruins are situated. Siam-rap is a strongly forti- fied town: half an hour's ride through a grand old forest brought us to Ongor Watt, or the temple of Ongor or Nakon. The natives stated that a flight of angels came down from heaven and built these temples. The vastness of the temples of Ongor suggests comparison with the pyramids of Düreth, and the wonderful conception and design of the whole with the classic antiquities of Greece. From the extent, it appears to have been the work of generations, and, from its sym- metry, the work of a single genius. It was with feelings of intense awe that we left the forest path to ascend the worn steps of the outer causeway. On our left, a colossal statue of a lion lay half- buried in the sand. Standing on the great outer causeway, our eyes wandered from its exquisitely fitted bridges of free-stone across the broad [dutch?] sur- rounding the temple to the great entrance of the western gallery, whose massive square pillars stood out in bold relief in the bright sunshine, and beyond the great central mitre-shaped tower about seven hundred yards distant. We passed through the entrance of the gallery to find a second causeway of greater ex- tent; there we saw the temple in all its magnificence, with its pillared galleries rising tier above tier, and terminating in the great tower. We ascended through sculptured staircases, colonnades, and corridors, crossed over paved courts, having ornamental reservoirs, until we reached the central tower, where we could see the rectangular area, occupied by the building, measuring 1000 by 1080 yards. In the ancient city of Ongor Thom, situated a little north of Ongor Watt, many of the ruins were supposed to be of superior antiquity to that of Ongor Watt, and in their grotesque sculptures to bear more resemblance to the an- tiquities of Hindostan, Ceylon, and Java. Mr. Thomson then described at great length, and in minute detail, the form and character of the sculptured temples, which showed, he said, the high state of civiliza- tion the ancient Cambodians had arrived at; and he concluded by pointing out a peculiar phenomenon in connection with Sala Sap, the great Lake of Cambodia. During the rainy season this lake is made a breakwater for the reception of the overflow of the great Mekong river, which flows through Cambodia into the Gulf of Siam; this river unites with the outlet of the lake. From this point during the rainy season the natural current from the lake is driven back by the strength of the flood from the Mekong river, which continues to pour its annual over- flow into the lake until the waters have risen four feet. This great body of water, over one hundred miles long and sixty or seventy at the greatest breadth, is not liberated until the end of the rainy season, when it flows through its natural outlet into the gulf.—PRESBYTER- IAN.

An Extinct Race.

One of the most remarkable races that ever inhabited the earth is now extinct. They were known as the Guanches, and were the aborigines of the Canary Islands. In the sixteenth century, pestilence, slav- ery, and the cruelty of the Spaniards, succeeded in totally exterminating them. They are described as having been gi- gantic in stature, but of a singularly mild and gentle nature. Their food consisted of barley, wheat, and goat's milk, and their agriculture was of the rudest kind. They had a religion which taught them of a future state, of rewards and punish- ments after death, and of good and evil spirits. They regarded the volcano of Teneriffe as a place of punishment for the bad. The bodies of their dead were carefully embalmed, and deposited in catacombs, which still continue to be an object of curiosity to those who visit the islands. Their marriage rites were very solemn; and, before engaging in them, the bride were fattened on milk. At the present day, these strange people are totally extinct.—PRESBYTERIAN.

Bleeding from the Nose.

Some two years ago, while going down Broadway, New York, blood commenced dropping from my nose quite rapidly. I stepped aside and applied my handker- chief, intending to repair to the nearest hotel, when a gentleman accosted me, saying:—-“Just put a piece of paper in your mouth, chew it rapidly, and it will stop your nose bleeding.” Thanking him rather doubtfully, I did as he sug- gested, and the flow of blood ceased al- most immediately. I have seen the remedy tried since quite frequently, and with success always. Doubtless any sub- stance would answer the same purpose as well as paper, the stoppage of the flow of blood being caused doubtless by the rapid motion of the jaws, and the con- traction of the muscles and arteries con- necting the jaws and nose.—-CULTIVATOR.

—The Worcester Spy, in a recent editorial, after speaking of "the mis- chievous temper of the Executive," goes on to say.—-

"But suppose that Washington, in- stead of being the peerless patriot that he was, had turned his back upon his fellow-patroits before he had been three months in his scat; that he had sought his counsellors among those who had speculated in the liberties, and grown rich upon the blood of his countryman; that, not content with surrounding him- self with the tories and cowboys of the Revolution, he had offered the addition- al affront to the country of making them the favorite objects of his bounty, that, in the distribution of his patron- age, he had passed by the brave men who followed him in his dreary winter march to the Delaware, or fought with him on the fateful or glorious fields of that long war, in order to reward those who deserted the colonies in the night of their bitten need; if Washington had been such a traitor, James Madison would have said! Let my hand be palsied, and my tongue cleave to the roof of my mouth, before I encourage this infamous thing.

Count Bismark.

KARL OTTO VON BISMARCK auf Schön- hausen, the bold and dexterous Minister who has conquered Germany for Prussia, was born at Brandenburg, in 1813.

In the earlier part of his career, Herr von Bismarck does not appear to have shown any promise of future distinction. He was educated successively at the Uni- versities of Göttingen, Greifswalde, and Berlin, where he is said to have been ad- dicted beyond measure to the boisterous pleasures of the German Burschen, and to have displayed no great proficiency in his studies. It is even asserted that he failed to pass the requisite examination for enter- ing the civil service, and was admitted by special favour. His father was a country squire of noble birth and moderate estate; but more than one member of his family had bold high office, and Otto von Bis- marck was not without the aid of influen- tial patrons. Nevertheless, he had obtain- ed no higher promotion than the post of Superintendent of Dykes in the Altmark up to the time of his election, in 1847, as a member of the Prussian Diet, having previously had a seat in the provincial as- sembly of that part of the kingdom where he dwelt. He was immediately noticed as one of the most vehement and even inso- lent champions of the Junker or Tory party, as he ostentatiously professed his contempt for the principles of constitution- al government, ridiculed the practice of parliamentary debate, denied that the King of Prussia was bound to grant those franchises which had been solemnly pro- mised at the time of the war against Na- poleon, and declared that the Royal prero- gative was derived, not from the consent of the people, but from the grace of God, and was practically unlimited save by the voluntary concessions of the Royal bounty.

These opinions were not the extravagant conceits of youth, but have been asserted by Herr von Bismarck on all occasions since he began to take a conspicuous place in public life, which was in the thirty-fifth year of his age. He has repeatedly de- nounced the freedom of the press, and the spread of intelligence among the working classes; he has gone so far as to express a wish that the large manufacturing and commercial towns could be destroyed, so that a purely rural population might sub- missively obey the behests of an absolute ruler. These and similar utterances of rampant Toryism, such as can scarcely be matched by any instance in the history of English parties, rendered Herr von Bis- marck one of the most unpopular men of his time. He was excluded from the Ger- man National Assembly of 1848, and lived some months in retirement; but in the following year, upon the triumph of the reactionary party, he took his seat in the Chamber of Deputies at Berlin as member for the district of Zauche. Here, again, he was the bitterest assailant of the Moderate Liberals, and was accustomed to deride the aspirations towards German unity which the so-called Gotha party already began to encourage, as associated with the cause of constitutional liberty in Prussia. Herr von Bismarck, for his part, maintain- ed that it was to Prussianism, not to Ger- manism, that they must look for the safety and advancement of the State. He affected in those days to venerate Austria as the proper representative of the ancient pow- er of Germany, while he censured the struggle for Schleswig-Holstein as a petty act of revolution, and an infringement of the rights of the King of Denmark. As an instance of his sagacity on questions of political economy, it is remembered that he was the advocate of a law by which the trade guilds should be empowered, as in the Middle Ages, to fix an arbitrary price for every sort of goods to be sold, and to prescribe the number of apprentices who should be brought up to each trade.

In 1851, Herr von Bismarck was admit- ted to the diplomatic service, and sent as first secretary of legation to the Prussian Embassy at Frankfort; but, within three months of his arrival at this post, was elevated, by an extraordinary promotion, to that of ambassador at the sittings of the Federal Bund. He had evidently been selected for his independent and supercili- ous bearing, on purpose to bid defiance to Count Rechberg, who was then Austrian Ambassador at Frankfort and President of the Diet. Many amusing stories are told of the encounters between them, Herr von Bismarck, by his high spirits, wit, and courage, usually getting the better of his more dignified antagonist, who was once so plainly insulted by the Prussian that they were on the point of fighting a duel. It became necessary, therefore, to recall Herr von Bismarck from Frankfort, and he was transferred to the embassy at St. Petersburg, where he entered into intimate relations with Prince Gortschakoff, then busy with schemes for a triple alliance of Russia, Prussia, and France, by which each of those Powers was to acquire an exten- sive addition to its territories at the ex- pense of Austria, Turkey, Belgium, and the smaller German States. The Crimean War however, prevented, or at least post- poned, the execution of these projects, which seem not to have been agreed to by the Emperor of the French, and were af- terwards disavowed by the Prince Regent of Prussia, who at that time was unwilling to entertain any plans of self-aggrandi- sement at the expense of his brother so- vereigns.

After his accession to the throne a change, apparently for the worse, came over the state of Prussia. The Liberal in- fluences of the Crown Prince, the Prince of Hohenzollern, and their friends, now gave way to the intrigues of the Junkers, or, as they are sometimes called, from the title of their newspaper organ, the KREUZ ZEITUNG party. Count Bernstorff having become Minister of Foreign Affairs instead of Herr von Schleinitz, a new line of for- eign policy was resolved upon, though it was necessarily to be kept dark till the views of the other European Powers could be ascertained. Herr von Bismarck, leav- ing Count Goltz to succeed him at the Russian Court, had no sooner returned to Berlin than it was intimated by the French Minister that the Emperor Napoleon would like to see Bismarck as Prussian Plenipotentiary at the Tuileries. He had more than once spoken in favour of a French alliance, under certain circum- stances, previously to the war between France and Austria in 1859. Herr von Bismarck thus became Prussian Ambas- sador at Paris ; but what passed between him and the Emperor Napoleon is best known to themselves. It has been gener- ally believed that they understand each other pretty well.

In September, 1862, Herr von Bismarck was summoned home to Berlin, and in- trusted with the task of forming a new Ministry, over which he has since presided, with the portfolio of Foreign Affairs, Count Eulenburg being Minister of the Interior; Herr von Roon, Minister of War; and Bodelschwingh and Von der Heydt successively Finance Ministers. The whole course of their administration, from 1862 down to the outbreak of the late war, has been a pertinacious conflict against the majority of the Chamber, whose votes have been impudently set at nought, and whose Constitutional power to control the public expenditure has been nullified, while the Prime Minister has coolly de- clared that he and his colleagues will not be responsible to Parliament, and that they consider themselves only servants of the Crown. The subject-matter of the original dispute was the augmentation of the army estimates and the law extending the period of compulsory service in the army to three years. The Chamber hav- ing, by majorities of 272 against 68, and of 251 against 36, decided these questions against the Government, Bismarck dissol- ved the Chamber, after a series of angry altercations, and informed them that the King would dispense with their approval of the budget, and would put in execution whatever measures he thought best for the public service. The deputies, being more submissive than our English Parliament in the reign of Charles I., went their ways quietly home. The newspapers which ventured to comment on this high-handed procedure of the Government were pro- secuted with great severity ; and those public officials, magistrates, or university professors, who dared to raise their voices on behalf of the Constitution, were punish- ed by removal to distant places, if not by the loss of office. It should, however, be observed that the arbitrary proceedings of the Prussian Government did not, as in the English case of the "ship money," or "the tallage and poundage," extend so far as the levying of taxes without lawful authority, by a mere edict of the Crown, the fact being that the revenue of the Crown of Prussia was fixed by a permanent settlement, and was nowise dependent on the annual votes of Parliament.

Thus practically despotic, the rule of King William I. and Bismarck, his Min- ister, during the last three or four years, has been directed with astonishing suc- cess, though by conduct which history will perhaps stigmatise as perfidious and double-dealing, to the achievement of those grand objects, the expulsion of Aus- tria from the German political system, and the consequent union of the several States of North Germany to the Prussian kingdom, which are regarded by most im- partial observers as a change beneficial to the interests of European peace and civili- sation. Nor can we doubt that these re- sults are equally acceptable to the nation- al spirit of the Germans. It is unnecessary here to review the series of transactions relative to the Schleswig-Holstein pro- vinces, which led to the open quarrel be- tween Prussia on the one hand, and Aus- tria, with the minor States of Germany, on the other, finally issuing in the rupture and decisive war of last midsummer. It would be a difficult task to attempt to vindicate the honesty and good faith of the Prussian Government in these transactions ; but the skill and valour of the Prussian army, the intelligence and patriotic spirit of the Prussian people, have justly earned for their country a degree of political and military importance second to none of the Powers of Europe.—ILL. LON. NEWS.

The Sky an Indicator
of the Weather.

The color of the sky, at particular times, affords wonderful good guidance. Not only does a very rosy sunset presage good weather, and a ruddy sunrise bad weather, but there are other tints which speak with equal clearness and accuracy. A bright yellow sky in the evening indi- cates wind; a pale yellow, wet; a neu- tral gray color constitutes a favorable sign in the evening, and an unfavorable one in the morning. The clouds are again full of meaning in themselves. If their forms are soft, undefined, and full feathery, the weather will be fine; if their edges are hard, sharp, and definite, it will be foul. Generally speaking, any deep, unusual hues betoken wind or rain; while the more quiet and delicate tints be-speak fair weather. These are simple maxims; and yet not so simple but the British Board of Trade has thought fit to publish them for the use of seafaring men.—-SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN.

Odds and Ends.

When people come to see us, we fool- ishly chatter, lest we be inhospitable. Things said for conversation's sake, are chalk eggs.—EMERSON.

I think after awl, the injunrubber kind ov virtue, that will bend and stretch, just a little, and then, fli right back to its plase, iz safer than the isikle virtue, that iz pretty sure tew melt, unless yu keep it on the north side of the barn awl the time, and when it once melts; that iz the last ov it.—JOSH BILLING.

There is no such/way to attain to great- er measure of grace as for a man to live up to that little grace he has.

Troubles are like babies—they grow bigger by nursing.

NOTICE.

The 9th number of the Bangkok Calendar will, be issued about the first of January next. It will not contain the usual amount of suppli- mentary matter of the preceding No's, since much of that kind of reading has already been furnished this year in the columns of the Bangkok Recorder, thus superoeding the desirableness of the like in the Calendar, and, be- cause it increases the cost of the work quite too much for the small pay that it brings the proprietor.

All who wish to have their business relations or simply their names publish- ed in the Calendar will please take the necessary steps to have them cor- rectly inserted. A printed sheet of the usual business relations and names will be sent about town early next week to receive the corrections that will need to be made for the year 1867.